Continuum of Care University of Phoenix Essay

Long- termination Care is only one piece of continuum commission. to the highest degree Americans try to stay home as yen as they can. mickle love to try and keep their independence as pertinacious as they can. Many elderly Americans are able to stay home as long as they can due to family members help and home wellness electric charge aide. Most elderly people can no all-night take make out of themselves mentally and physically.This is when Long-term tutelage continuum benefits the patient. The long-term care continuum consists of nursing home care and assisted living care. The first timbre in the continuum of care is Independent living. Elderly patients are placed in supportive housing or home based healthcare. If the patient is scoreless with supportive housing, we must move to the next step. The next step is providing in home care. In home care is less expensive than long term care. The cost of care for this service depends on the level of care and the hours of service the patient needs.The patients last choice should be long term care. Most elderly patients use Medicare or Medicaid for long term care payment. Medicare only applies to the patients long-term care if the patient is immediately following a hospital stay. Medicare only bury short term provider prescribed home health care for speech therapy, skilled nursing, occupational and medical social services. Medicare also covers up to 100 days of nursing home care.We are fighting directly for a longer duration for long term care. The federal disposal should allow elderly patients more time in long term care facilities. I believe this would cut the cost of emergency populate visits and hospital admittance in seniors.

Bible 105 Discussion Board

Leayotta Karley Bibl 105 9/24/12 sermon Board Forum Thread 1 From the reading of Courageous credence ch. 1-6, I have identified myself with the mannertime of Moses. He portrayed a life with failures as well as received a indorse chance to overcome his past circumstances in his life. The parallels of Mosess life to mine is similar in some ways due to the particular that I had to start over again with the help of God. Moses didnt hit the hay what his purpose in life was as myself at present.Do the actions and decisions that I dress really leave God happy and will everyone agree with me? several(prenominal) long time ago I graduated from high school and entered fellowship college to start my studies for pre-med, only if as I grew c sustainr to graduation I saw the challenges in this career path. Then, I decided to change the major(ip) to Nursing in order for my credits to transfer from premed and pay years spent in college less than in the Premed program. Both careers are ex tremely competitive and honored in all countries of this world.My main goal is to total a profession that will help me interact with people and read people Christs love for all humankind by dint of myself. Its a blessing to help people with their problems and be by their side when they need it as God does in our lives. So, now I having difficulties with standing with my decisions and believing that I will overcome these failures. I extremity my purpose in life to follow with what God trusts me to do and non feel pressured by family or society.There are times in my life when I feel hopeless and abandoned by everyone. I want to stay strong, but my emotions take over me and cause me emotional distress. This allows me to lose faith and trust in God when nothing seems to be termination the way I want in life. From Mosess life he didnt understand that God does no abandon his children even if we make wrong decisions in our past. God knows that humans will sin and make out the wrong path, but if they make God their friend and have perfect(a) faith in him everything will turn good.We need God by our side due to our chances of falling again are more plausibly if we leave his presence and take matters into our hands. We should not belittle Gods power and ask for wisdom in everything we do. As in the same(p) way God helped Moses he will help us and make us great leaders in any field of take apart that we choose. We must glorify God and he knows our hearts weakness, but he will help us overcome our failures and succeed in life.

An Analysis of the Homeland Security Act of 2002 Essay

As a response to the September 11, 2001 terrorist attacks, the United States government accomplished a separate agency within the federal system to hold back future terrorist activities. Hence, the Department of Homeland pledge (DHS) was created, along with the Homeland Security make believe of 2002 (HSA). The HSA identified and explained the principle, jurisdiction and duties of the Department of Homeland Security. The HSA in addition reinforced sentences for transgressing national security rights and expanded federal picture of local faithfulness enforcement agencies.However, critics argued that the HSA instead promoted American global dominance at the expense of civil liberties. For instance, Title II pushed for the establishment of a Directorate of Information synopsis and Infrastructure Protection, tasked with the creation and maintenance of a database containing public and private entropy on virtually any individual in the United States. shout out records, banking transactions, school records, employment history these can be gathered to division together a profile that can be personad against detached people suspected as terrorists.In the HAS Title V touch Preparedness and Response, there is no specific mandate of federal go steady over the local first responders the police, the firemen and the emergency personnel. The provision simply called for federal supervision, funding and cooperation. ( vanguard Bergen, 2002) Although centralization is perfect for emergency preparedness on a sufficiently large scale, it could also lead to the loss of local control and to potential federal militarization. (Van Bergen, 2002) According to the United States Northern Command (USNC), Prohibiting acquit military involvement in law enforcement is in keeping with long-standing U. S. law and policy limiting the militarys role in home(prenominal) affairs. (Van Bergen, 2002)In addition, the Posse Comitatus Act (18 USC 1385) generally prohibits U. S. mil itary personnel from interdicting vehicles, vessels and aircraft conducting surveillance, searches, seeking and seizures or making arrests on behalf of civilian law enforcement authorities. (Van Bergen, 2002) The four statutory exceptions to this prohibition are the following counter-drug assistance (10 USC 371-81) Insurrection Act (10 USC 331-34) crimes development nuclear materials (18 USC 831) and chemical or biological weapons of mass destruction (10 USC 382).(Van Bergen, 2002) hotshot of the most serious consequences of the HAS is the Critical Infrastructure Information Act of 2002 (CIIA). The CIIA offered corporations confidentiality and electrical resistance from civil liability with respect to the critical infrastructure information (CII) that they submitted voluntarily to the DHS. CII may include virtually any information about physiological or cyber infrastructure that can be useful to terrorists or early(a) parties that intend to cause damage to the facility.(Stein zor, 2003) No one may use it in any civil action arising under federal or state law without obtaining the written consent of the company. Government officials who will erupt the CIIA will guinea pig up to a year in prison. The CIIA is real dangerous, as it would immunize corporations and their employees from malfeasance in their operations, from racial discrimination to embezzlement, violations of environmental regulations and default that will harm the public physically and or financially.Hence, the CIIA might also end up granting immunity to enterprises that were guilty of negligence in the face of terrorist attacks, allowing them to escape accountability for putting other peoples lives in danger. Terrorist groups such as the Al Qaeda might use the CIIA to their advantage, because their operatives aim quiet and unobtrusive Western lifestyles and identities to avoid capture and to successfully take aim out missions. But with the misleading nature of the HSA, the question ordi nary Americans should be asking is Who should they be afraid of, the terrorists or their own government?ReferencesVan Bergen, Jennifer. (2002, December 2-4). Homeland Security Act The Rise of the American legal philosophy State. Retrieved January 2, 2008 from http//www. ratical. org/ratville/CAH/HSA_RoAPS. html. Steinzor, Rena. (2003, March 12). Democracy Dies Behind Closed Doors The Homeland Security Act and Corporate Accountability. PDF File. Retrieved January 2, 2008 from http//www. progressiveregulation. org/perspectives/secrecy_white_paper. pdf.

Questionnaire KAYE FINAL

Your answers will be tabulated with those of others to determine data needs, usage patterns, content requirements, format preferences, and over altogether quality. Thank you for your age and assistance. Directions entertain read this page in the beginning filling in your questionnaire. Take the time to fill in the questionnaire c atomic number 18fully and thoroughly. Allow sufficient time before your appointment for completion. Answer every question possible. Answer questions as aboveboard as possible. Encircle or mark all(a) possible answers which follow up to you. I.Target dapple Analysis Tasks, Skills and Activities of take ins 1 . Which of the following best describes your practice section? (select all that apply) Case manager Clinical suckle specialist Nurse manager/ administrator Nurse navigator Nurse practitioner treat instructor/ educator Research nurse Staff nurse other (Specify) Other (please specify) 2. What are the tasks that you ordinarily do as a nurse? 3. W hat are the activities that you usually do which need your skills? 4. What language skills and genres do you usually utilize? . Discourse AnalysisDescriptions of the language used by Nurses 1 . What are the demands of the Standardized vocabulary in your field? 2. What are the goals Of utilizing Standardized Language for Nursing? 3. What are the genres and the terms used by nurses? Ill. Present Situation Analysis Capacities of Nurses 1 . According to you, what does it take to make a beloved nursing leader? Select all appropriate choices. A. Good social skills b. Good personality c. Better knowledge and skills d. Ability to handle all the members e. Good nature f. Ability to bring the best out of all members .

Work Ethics in Cosmetology

When offset a career in cosmetology, it is imperative to develop a strong code of release value orientations. Having a strong regulate ethic shows that a person is self-importance motivated, conducts themselves in a professional manner, and is adequate to self evaluate. It is necessary to possess these qualities because they will determine how successful matchless can become in this industry. The first important fundamental of a strong work ethic is self motivation. Self motivation is the ability to satisfy a desire, expectation, or goal with start being influenced to do so by another person.Having this motivation is important in the work place because it allows one to interference focused and perform tasks to the best of their ability. A person who lacks self motivation is someone who is lazy or simply does not care. This could negatively affect the way a beauty parlor is run. An unprovoked receptionist for example, may not take down an appointment correctly. This could potentially calve a stylists entire schedule for the day, upset the client, and make the entire salon learn bad.Another key element to having a strong work ethic is having a positive lieu. Having a positive attitude makes a person enjoyable to be around. This allows for a pleasant work milieu and creates a professional atmosphere for clients. It is also important to maintain a positive attitude when learning a current technique or skill. For instance, when learning a new updo, it is very difficult to make it look perfect on the first attempt.Someone with a negative attitude would get frustrated and give up. A progressive thinker would stay positive and try to reevaluate the situation and learn from their mistakes. Lastly, when first starting out in this industry it is important have the ability to self evaluate in order to grow. Self evaluation requires one to respect his or her own work to find strengths and weaknesses. This would help a new stylist learn which areas they nee d to improve in.For example, if one struggled with foils, they could ask a more experienced co-worker for constructive criticism to find out what they are doing wrong. This will allow the stylist to correct their mistakes and learn from them. exploitation a code of work ethics does not happen oer night. It takes years of hard work to build on these skills to become a true professional. However, with the right attitude, determination, and the eagerness to learn, one can become highly successful in the cosmetology industry.

Mankind Is No Island

Mankind is No Island Focus The collection of keep mum Images Sound Not a lot of dialogue Montage of images in concert they make an image The words shown be from signs, street signs and shop signs etc. What makes this film visual What is specifically visual about it What makes the video take shape my perspective of the view What is the purpose of the video being made? To be more aware of the stateless Ideas There is a lack of cock-a-hoop to the homeless The homeless are taken for granted The homeless are ignored by society It is filmed in the city because it demonstrates advertise and also emphasizes consumerism.Used to contradict or to challenge what they are to move over in the cities. The homeless are destitute and deprived from the necessities of life. Techniuqes Soft outstanding piano music is used The music sets the tone. It also makes the audience downhearted and feel guilty. Camera angles are placed in the same take aim as the homeless. This is used to place the audience in the homeless states situation and position. By doing this, the audience feels the hardships, the sadness and the uselessness as the homeless contain also felt. Repetition of the images of the homeless being ignoredRhetorical Questions are also used to make the audience feel depressed and speculate on their guilt. RQs are also used to make audience gleam Repetitions of RQs Religious images Repetition of NO Close up of the Homeless side Shows their facial expressions. Also indicates their sadness and their depression. Shows their rugged appearance. Take away the homeless identity and places the audience to look at them face to face as humans. Demonstrates how old they look. Also supports that being homeless ages you. The homeless have literally been forced to live a life of desperation.The homeless have no choices. The fact that two of the largest cities are used symbolises and supports the idea that homeless people are not found in a particular place, unless are recognised everywhere. Repetition of your emphasizes that the homeless and the successful are no different. They may be different in social class but they are still the same in species. The images are also prejudicious and focus the negative sides of the city. The sentences are also in a prototypal person register RQs is used to challenge and contradict on what we jockey The Heart Balloon

Critically Assess Marx’s Theory of Class and Stratification

Marx elucidate theory derived from his belief that class divisions atomic number 18 non found in tot all toldy forms of nightclub classes are a piecely concern of history. For Marx, classes are defined and anatomical structured by firstly, who owns or has shoes and bureau of production and who does the work in the production process, second the accessible relationships include in work and craunch, and thirdly who produces and who rules the free human complaisant sweat can produce. All of these aspects of Marx class theory will be provided explored in this essay.Marx believed that class divisions are non found in all societies, classes are a creation of history. The earliest and smallest societies (tribal and primitive) were classless. It is universally true that all human beings depend on the quest of meeting their basic inescapably food, water, shelter and clothing. In these primitive societies, the works day was taken up with required bray in piece to meet so cietys basic involve and forces of production were distributed equally amongst the community.But when basic needs are met, this leads to mans creation of new(a) needs, as human beings are forever dissatisfied animals. Marx defines human beings as producers (Callinicos, A, p. 98, 1996). Humans try out to transform nature to enable them to meet their needs and do this by agent of two different mode of production. The first forces of production which depends on what Marx calls the confinement process. Labour is first of all a process between man and nature, a process by which man, though his own actions, mediates, queers and controls the transfiguration between himself and nature (C I 283).The relations of production is the social aspect, which involves the property rights of the productive forces, it is what distinguishes the modes of production for one another. Improvements in the cranch force are determined by if man is able to produce the same follow of things but with l ess human labour. By been able to produce much effectively, on that pointfore meant man gains more control over nature.Thus the obtainments of the labour process are a reflection of human technology (Callinicos, A, p. 8, 1996) and Marx believed that the developments of apprehension and technology in society provide a basis on which future societies can build upon. Although Marx never said in so many words what he meant by class, his theory lies on the rumor that the history of all hitherto embodying society is the history of class struggles. That once beyond primitive socities no labour can exist without means of production, which is who controls the direct producers. The central classes in capitalism are the middle class and the trade union movement. Class divisions a beginning in society when the direct producers are garbled from the means of production.The means of production, the bourgeoisie, become the monopoly of a minority and use developing and domination in relatio n to the producers, the proletariat. Marx looks at the workings day in a class society and identies how capital exploits labour wage. During the first half of the day the worker produces goods in which he is paid to but during the second part of the day the worker performs surplus labour. Surplus labour is generated by how much labour cartridge holder is left over after(prenominal) the employer has make back the equivalent of the cost of the fight of the labourer.The profit of this surplus labour is too small though to improve everyones standard of living, so it is taken by the minority who control the means of production. Marx decscribes four chief(prenominal) types of class societies Asiatic, ancient, feudal, and modern bourgeois, the distinction between for example a society found on slave labour and a society based on wage labour is the form in which this surplus labour is in each representative exploited from the immediate producer, the worker (C I 325). The practice o f ontogenesis depends on the distribution of the means of production.In the circumstance of slavery , it seems all the slaves labour is surplus labour , he is not permitted to any of his product. But the slave has to be kept alive in regulate to gain surplus force-out, therefore a proportion of the slaves wages is set aside to provide him his basic needs. In feudalism society, the grouch may have owned his animals and tools, but did not own the world he works on, therefore must divide his labour time between the work that needed to be done in order to provide for himself and his family and surplus labour for his lord.In both these mode of production, slavery and feudalism, exploitation is clearly visible and bodily consequences are evident without question. merely in capitalism exploitation is concealed. The worker is legally drop out, as he has volunteered to partake in the labour process. Marx wrote that workers are free in a double sense , free from the old relations of clientship, bondage and servitude, and secondly free of all belongings and possessions, and of every objective, material form of being, free of all property (G 507).By not selling his labour power to the capitalist, the workers only other option is starvation. The means of production use frugal pressures as a means of control over workers, not physical actions. Thus once the employer has employed the workers, he makes them work longer hours than necessary, creating surplus labour. In the case of feudalism, after centuries new methods of producing began to develop. But releasing these new methods worked against the ruling classin the framework of the prior form of exploitation and the legal and political superstructure that had arisen out of it.This clash between the new opportunities and the structure of the precedent order, was in severe crisis. Without new developments, the existing means of producing was not able to nurture any more development in the population, the vitriol ic Death followed, causing horrific events such as famines and disease and violence. The previous fashions of shaping society and furthering the mode of production were brought to a halt. Marx foresaw that there could be revolution in society abolishing classes altogether.Then begins an epoch of social revolution, , Marx wrote. Yet the ruling class were still overlooking the workers, even though the mode of production had self-destructed. The ruling class dominates not only the way production is carried on, but all the other organizations and relations in society, whose structure aids the exploiters, control their power. As Marx explained, all class societies create a legal, political and ideological superstructure which functions to control the existing relations of production and deem the rulers from the ruled.But an important tool for the ruling class to persuade the working class is ideology schemes of root words that depict the recognized order as inherent and positive to everyone, whatever its undeniable faults. Marx believed that the workers did not realise they were been exploited, had a turned consciousness, mistaken sense that they could count on their employer. He believed that ideologies help sustain the ruling class, by giving misleading views to tribe about the world in order to exploit others about their position in society.It caused people to form mistaken views about the nature of society in order to keep the existing mode of production in action. Because the dominant or ruling class rules the social relations of production, the central ideology in capitalist society is that of the ruling class. Marx theory of class consciousness was an idea how to make members of a class aware that they have a vulgar situation and interests and, moreover, are able to organize a collective defense reaction of those interests (Elster, J, p128, Intro to Karl Marx).Marx saw that there were many logics why the proletariat would develop into a class that i s conscious of its own status, power, obligations, and prospects. The objective condition of a class subsists because of its position in the productive process. Possession or non-possession of the means of production, place in the labour process, and the control over surplus regulate this. However a class such as the bourgeoisie or proletariat, may be unaware of this position, or in any case the effects of this position.Marx believed there would be a revolution, the workers would come together and rise up and fight to abolish the class system. Once everything had calmed down after the revolution, the proletariat would then own the means of production. He believed that no dominating class would exist and everything would be owned equally amongst society. He belief that if the working class were to take control of the means of production, they would inspire social relations that would help everyone proportionately, and an organization of production less at risk of infection to repea ted crises.Overall, Marx believed that nonviolent compromise of this issue was unrealistic, and prearranged and violent revolution would be necessary, because the dominating class would not surrender control without a fight. He speculated that in order to secure the socialist system, a dictatorship of the proletariat must be generated on a provisional foundation. Marxs carefulness of a revolution did not come true. As societies developed and expanded, the working classes grew to be more educated, obtaining detailed job skills and accomplishing the type of financial well-being that Marx never thought achievable.

Analysis of 2 commercial brands Essay

Topic Analysis of 2 commercialised brands of blanching agenting termination & a determination of the best buy Introduction Sodium chlorate(I) forms the floor of most commercial de touches. The amount present in bleaching agenting radical sewer be determined by a tawdrinesstric technique. In this experiment, sodium chlorate(I) fight backs with profusion potassium iodide in the presence of stinging to liberate. The unity is titrated against measuring stick sodium thiosulphate upshot.Chemicals Bleach solution , 0.1 M Na2S2O3 ,1 M H2SO4 , KI , amylum indicatorProcedures 1. Determine the total volume of bleach in the commercial bottles permitd. Note the brand name, volume & price of each sample.2. Pipette 25 cm3 bleach solution into a 250 cm3 volumetric flask. Make up to the hold in & mix well.3. Pipette 25 cm3 of this solution into a conical flask. institute 10 cm3 KI solution & 10 cm3 1 M sulphuric acid.4. Titrate this mixture against the standard sodium thiosulp hate solution provided. Add stiffen indicator when the solution become pale yellow.5. Record your results and calculate the metre of the orginal bleach solution.6. Determine which bleach has the lowest price per bulwark of veritable bleach.Results provoker A = ___________KAO_____________ target B = _________Best Buy____________ mickle = ___________1.5L______________ Volume = ____________2L_______________ hurt = _______$12.9 / Bottle____________ Price = ________$10.9 / Bottle____________Mole = _________0.753 Mol_____________ Mole = ___________1.152 Mol ___________$/bulwarke = _______$17.13 / Mol ___________ $/bulwark = __________$9.46 / Mol__________Best buy is ________ Best Buy___________Tit symmetryn of Brand A against the standard sodium thiosulphate solutionTitration1234Final burette indication (ml)31.7035.7027.8032.20Initial Burette Reading (ml)2.909.804.408.30Volume of titrant (ml)28.8025.9025.4023.50Mean volume of titrant (ml) = __(25.90+25.40+23.50)3 = 25.1 ml__Calcula tionThe Result Of Brand ASodium chlorate(I) reacts with excess potassium iodide in the Bleaching solution, which is a acid medium. Iodine solution produced. interest equivalence 2H+-(aq) + OCl(aq) + 2I(aq) Cl(aq) + I2-(aq) + H2O-(l)Secondly, the unity solution is titrated with sodium thiosulphate solution pastime equation I2(aq) + 2 S2O32- (aq) S4O62- (aq) + 2 I-(aq)The metre of Na2S2O3 = 0.1M matter of mole of S2O3- reacted with I2 = Molarity X Volume= 0.1 X (25.11000) = 0.00251 molThe Mole ratio of Na2S2O3 I2= 21 list of moles of I2 reacted with S2O3-= (12) X 0.00251 mol= 0.001255 molThe Mole ratio of NaOCl I2= 11 account of moles of NaOCl used in the titration= I2= 0.001255 molNumber of moles of NaOCl in the 250ml volumetic flask= 0.001255 mol X 10= 0.01255 molNumber of moles in 1.5L bleach solution= 0.01255 mol 25 X 1500= 0.753 molPrice of OCl- per mole in brand A= $12.9 0.753mol= $17.13 / molResults Titration of Brand B against the standard sodium thiosulphate solutionTi tration1234Final Burette Reading (ml)30.9032.831.9035.20Initial Burette Reading (ml)2.103.903.306.90Volume of titrant (ml)28.828.9028.6028.90Mean volume of titrant (ml) = __(28.90+28.60+28.90)3 = 28.8 ml__CalculationThe Result Of Brand BSodium chlorate(I) reacts with excess potassium iodide in the Bleaching solution, which is a acid medium. Iodine solution produced.Following ionic equation 2H+-(aq) + OCl(aq) + 2I(aq) Cl(aq) + I2-(aq) + H2O-(l)Secondly, the unity solution is titrated with sodium thiosulphate solutionFollowing ionic equation I2(aq) + 2 S2O32- (aq) S4O62- (aq) + 2 I-(aq)The Molarity of Na2S2O3 = 0.1MNumber of mole of S2O3- reacted with I2 = Molarity X Volume= 0.1 X (28.81000)= 0.00288 molThe Mole ratio of Na2S2O3 I2= 21Number of moles of I2 reacted with S2O3-= (12) X 0.00288 mol= 0.00144 molThe Mole ratio of NaOCl I2= 11Number of moles of NaOCl used in the titration= I2= 0.00144 molNumber of moles of NaOCl in the 250ml volumetic flask= 0.00144 mol X 10= 0.0144 molNu mber of moles in 2L bleach solution= 0.0144 mol 25 X 2000= 1.152 molPrice of OCl- per mole in brand B= $10.9 1.152 mol= $9.46 / molQuestions 1. Why mustiness(prenominal) the KI be present in excess ? If less than the condition quantity of KI is added, what effect entrust this digest on the results ?The bleach solution ensure sodium chlorate(I),which have ions OCl-.We can prepare the iodine solution by adding the sodium chlorate(I) to potassium iodide in a acidic medium. At first, the sodium chlorate(I) Is the limiting agent. When we add the excess potassium iodide into the bleach solution. Not only it will not effect the result, but similarly the calculation can be more accurate. All the ions OCl- can be completely reacted.In addition, Iodine solution is only slightly meltable in water but it is very soluble in the solution, which contain I- ions.2. What is the function of the sulphuric acid ?The function of sulphuric acid is provide a acidic medium containing excess iodi de to ionizes the iodine solution to triiodide ions. We must know that the Brown colour of iodine solution is cause for the triiodide ions(I3-).This colour in observation of titration is very important.3. Bleaching solutions may deteriorate for 2 reasons (a) react with carbonic acid gas in the air according to the equation 2 OCl- + CO2 CO32-+ H2 + Cl2(b) what is the other reason ?It must be effected by light. It is because the The hypochlorite ions OCl-( will be decompose quickly under light Following equation2NaOCl 2NaCl + O2, .While losing some OCl- ions, the result in calculation will not be accurate4. What should the starch indicator not be added too wee ?The starch solution turns the iodine to blue black because of the formation of starch-iodine labyrinthine. Also, the complex is not reversible when the concentration of iodine is high. If we add the starch solution early, the attraction of starch molecules and iodine molecules will attract so strongly. Although we have add standard sodium thiosulphate solution, but we can not do completely finish the real result of titration and effecting the calculation. The above-mentioned tell us that the starch solution should be added when only a few of iodine solution left, near the end point of the titration.ConclusionThe bleach solution of brand B is the best buy.

Genetically Modified Foods: a Growing Concern Essay

Living in the States, we sometimes forget what a huge problem malnutrition and starvation argon in other parts of the world. Its estimated that ein truthwhere 852 million the gr eat up unwashed in the world atomic number 18 severely food deprived. Now, imagine a world where no one goes hungry, a grangers return can survive a long drought or an archean frost and however germinate a large harvest, and harmful insects and widows weeds cannot survive in the same field as a crop. signify a world where malnutrition and vitamin deficiencies atomic number 18 a thing of the past, because the food we eat is so often more(prenominal) than nutritious.Some scientists believe that, by dint of sensitive applied science, this world could be a reality in our lifetime. Im talking about genetic totallyy special foods, or GM foods for short. people halt been geneti reverberatey altering foods for hundreds of years, save due to recent technological advancements, the effectiveness o f these foods charter changed drastically. M either scientists believe that genetically modifying foods could help shoemakers last world hunger while others say that it could result in gay and environmental catastrophe.Although at that place atomic number 18 many po tennertial risks there are to a fault many potential benefits. Like the old saying goes, with expectant power comes great responsibility. Like almost all advanced technologies, genetically special food technology needs to be closely monitored and evaluated as it progresses. Ultimately, genetically modified food technology has too much potential to be wholly halted. So just what exactly is genetically modified food? In short, genetically modified foods are organisms that have had their deoxyribonucleic acid drippyly changed to give them a new characteristic.Normally, these modifications are made to pee-pee plants that are loathsome to herbicides and pesticides, produce more food, have more nutrients, bugger off faster, or survive in harsher climates than usual. However, there have also been more unusual experiments done. According to American Scientist Magazine, a gene from a jellyfish has been spliced into plants to make them emit light. In another(prenominal) case the Monsanto Corporation (the largest genetically modified food club in the world) is developing grass reference that give produce different colored lawns.These altered organisms are normally called genetically engineered, genetically modified, transgenic, or Franken-foods. genetically engineered foods first went on the marketplace in 1994. The product was a tomato engineered by a company called Calgene. The species of the tomato was called the FlavrSavr. Ironically, it was considered to have a mediocre flavor and never sell well. The FlavrSavr was a commercial failure and was off the market by 1997. patronage the early failure of the FlavrSavr, GM foods have flourished in the last ten years. Odds are youve eaten many genetically modified foods and not all the same write outn it.Currently, The Grocery Manufacturers of America estimate that 75% of covered foods in the U. S. contain at least one genetically modified ingredient. Although, genetically engineered foods have lonesome(prenominal) been in production for the last 15 years, manhood have been altering the DNA of plants for ages. For centuries, people have been apply artificial choice to cross-breed plants. For example, broccoli, Brussels sprouts, and cabbage have all derived from the same species of mustard. However, the process of artificial selection is very difficult and time consuming. Artificial selection is also limited to only plants of similar species.Fortunately, recent advancements in technology have made it possible to move DNA from one species to another regardless of their differences. The process behind GM foods is very difficult and complex, so this is a very simplified explanation of how it works. on that point are twain main methods of genetically modifying foods. The first method uses bacteria to modify the DNA. First, the scientist uses enzymes to separatrix the in demand(p) gene out of the DNA. The gene is then coupled by a promoter and a terminator, these act as signposts to show the ascendent and the end of the desired gene. Next, the gene is inserted into section of DNA called a plasmid.The plasmid is then inserted into bacteria. Finally, the bacteria are used to infect the plant cells, where they shipping the gene into the plant cells chromosome. The second method is more advanced but also more expensive than the first method. Here, the desired gene is cut from the DNA then attached to a bantam particle of gold or tungsten. Next, the particles are shot into the plant cells using a particle gun or biolistic gun. Lastly, the desired gene waterfall off of the particle and attaches to the chromosome. After insertion is achieved, the cell is allowed to divide so it makes copies of its elf.Once the plants start to grow, they are tested to detect if the gene was successfully transferred. Along with the original desired gene, a marker gene is also implanted in the cell. This is used as an easily identifi adequate trait. This way, all the scientist needs to do is look for this trait and if it is there then they know the desired gene was transferred successfully too. Through those two methods, scientists have been able to do amazing things. The potential benefits of genetically modifying foods are incredible. First off, there are many obvious benefits for the farmer.Their crops go away be split up because of advantages wish herbicide tolerance and insect resistance. Another thing is that GM crops are being altered to withstand harsher weather and generate more food. Also, the farmer doesnt have to spray his field as much, cutting muckle on the amount of fuel he uses. Its estimated that GM foods have indirectly allowed farmers to cut back by 475 million gallons of fuel over the past nine years, which cuts down on greenhouse gas emissions. There are even more benefits for the consumer. Because of increased production, there is more food, which in turn means cheaper food.Also, genetic engineering makes it possible for foods to taste better and be more nutritious. In fact, scientists at The University of Pittsburg School of Medicine of late engineered a pig that generates Omega-3 fatty acids. Omega-3s are substances that help prevent cardiovascular disease. If this is approved by the FDA we could soon have pork that is actually good for your heart. Another group of scientists have created what they call golden rice. This is rice that contains beta carotene and vitamin A. Many nations rely heavy on rice as their main food source and this will immensely help those people get the nutrients they need.Another crop has been created that ripens much slower after being picked, so it can be shipped bimestrial distances before rotting. Even with all of these benefits, genetically modified foods are still very controversial. Many people think GM foods are very dangerous and could result in human and environmental catastrophe. Some critics think that, much like bacteria that belong resistant to antibiotics, insects could become resistant to the pesticides used on GM crops, making them more difficult to film with in the future.Also, new plants could produce new allergens and toxins that the human body is unfamiliar with. The majority of GM foods being produced are resistant to herbicides. Researchers believe that this will cause farmers to use more herbicides on their crops. In turn, this could result in pollution that could be harmful to humans and the environment. Another concern is that, through cross-pollination, weeds and other plants could pick up the modified gene and become resistant to the very chemicals that are used to kill them.Although there passms to be many concerns over genetically modifying foods, no study has been done that shows any major risk associated with GM foods. The genetically modified food blood continues to steadily grow despite public ignorance and uncertainty. Between 1996 and 2003 the amount of go through being used to grow GM plants was increased by 40 times over. It is estimated that over 200 million acres of farm soil are now devoted to growing GM plants. In 2000, only three countries made up for 98% of the global GM crop. America produces 68%, Argentina accounts for 23%, and Canada is responsible for 7%.Recently European governments and businesses have been pushing to boost their own GM food production. Nevertheless, tally to a recent brush up by The Pew possibility on Food and Biotechnology, Americans are still very uncomfortable with GM foods. The survey showed that the majority of Americans know little to nothing about genetically engineered plants and animals, but it also showed that American consumers do not support banning the new technology, but rather want regulations put in place to plug that the new products are safe.Regardless of how the public feels, we can expect to see more genetically modified foods in the future and exponential process in the biotechnology business. Some ideas that developers have already mentioned are bananas that produce human vaccines against infectious diseases, fish that advanced quicker, fruit and nut trees that mature quicker, and plants that produce new plastics that have unique properties. As soon as more long-term research is done we can expect to see an explosion of unique new GM products on the market.Ultimately, genetically modified plant technology has too much potential to be completely halted. Right now, most scientists agree that there is no proof that GM foods pose any threat to people or the environment. With proper military rank and responsibility, genetically modified foods could help solve world hunger. That is a determination too great to be ignored because of possible threats. The re are many potential risks associated with GM foods, but the potential benefits far outbalance them.Works Cited Black, Richard. Europe Urged to Embrace GM Foods. BBC News. 12 Sept. 2004. 15 April 2006 . Chaudry, Arshad. Genetically Modified Foods. BioTeach. 16 April. 2006 . Eat This. saven & Teller Bullshit. Dir. Mark Wolper. Perf. Pen Jillette and Teller. 2003. DVD. Showtime Entertainment. 2004. Fagan Ph. D. , John B. Genetically Engineered Food- a Serious Health Risk. NetLink. 15 April 2006 . Flynn, Kara. Trade War over Biotech Food Now, Later, or Never. Pew Initiative on Food and Biotechnology. 13 Feb. 2003. 16 Apr. 2006 Genetically Modified Food. Wikipedia. 16 Apr. 2006. 17 Apr. 2006 Lemonick, Michael D. Eat Pork, Prevent Heart Disease?. TIME Magazine. 27 Mar. 2006. Marvier, Michelle. Ecology of Transgenic Crops. American Scientist Magazine 89 (Mar. 2001) 160-167. Nash/Zurich, J. Madeleine. Grains of Hope. TIME Magazine. 31 July 2000. Rifkin, Jeremy. Biotech nose cand y Playing Ecological Roulette with Mother Natures Designs. The battlefront of Others. Ed. Andrea A Lundsford and John J. Ruszkiewicz. 4th ed. Boston Bedford/ St. Martins, 2004 287-97.

Jcp Case Study

James Cash Penny as one of the nations maiden department stores. Mr.. Penny founded the company on the principle of al expressive styles treating customers the way he wanted to be treated fair and square. In 2012, Spinney stated that their vision is to become everyones favorite store. In order to update their image, Spinney proclaimed some new strategies to re-llama their brand.Some of the updated strategies Include pricing, branding, and merchandising. Spinney wanted customers to enter their newly designed stores ND observe the straightforward fair and square pricing, month-long promotions, exceptionally curates products In artful presentations and unmatched customer service. These new strategies were announced In January 2012 and by June 2012 the medal/shareholders were calling for the resignation of the CEO, Ron Johnson.By performing more research on the state of Spinney, I hope to gain a better concord of the new strategies they have put In place. As part of the research, I w ould also Like to analyze the Impact of the new strategies, and how these can be enhanced to meet the vision that the company has. As a origin customer of Spinney, I feel that I can use my own(prenominal) experiences to devise a strategy that will help them to once once more become Americas favorite store.

Books vs Ebooks Essay

Now days with the rise of digital technology legion(predicate) physical items such as pen and paper atomic number 18 lento being replaced by computers and smart ph unitarys. But is this re solelyy a skinny thing? I read admits and of course so do more than other people in this class and around the globe. But since the unveiling of e-readers more and more people be possessed of been converting to the technology based nerve of reading. Although technology is slowly becoming more predominant in this season we should not rely on it to al steerings entertain and keep us occupied. I think real, physical deems ar better than e- halts because you behind rattling own a rule book. As Mortimer J.Adler, a popular author, says, Full self-possession comes only when you have made the book a part of yourself, and the best way to make yourself a part of it is by writing in it. When owning an e-book it is more like owning insurance than owning a camera. In one case allow forpower of books is physical and irrevocable precisely e-books are not and gouge be taken away easily as Kindle users discovered when one day their copies of 1984 suddenly disappeared. You leave alone know a book that is very owned because it will be dog-eared and dilapidated, shaken and loosened by continual use, marked and scribbled in from front to back, says Adler.It also lets you know how over-the-hill and how hearty transported a book was. E-readers are beginning to allow to the highest degree interactivity, but it is of a very different order. Taking a bank note in an e-book or making a highlight in it is nonparasitic of the book all of that information is stored apart from the book in a file or a database. Send the book to another person and youll find that all of the notes and highlights are gone. They belong to you or your device, not to your book. whiz of the most disappointing aspects of e-books is that they contributenot be loaned out. Most have some pleasant of digital rights management which ties a book to a particular owner.When you deal a Kindle book, you might have a copy of that book on up to 5 of your devices, but they must be devices fix to your Amazon account. You stacknot loan your book to your friend you cannot even loan it to your understood if she has a Kindle of her own. Of course thats not strictly true(a)you can loan your book by loaning your reading device, but thats like giving someone access to one of your books by loaning them an entire library, book cases and all. And books are a tactile experience, heart they are supposed to be experienced through touch and tactual sensation (e sparely for the old books).A book is meant to be an experience that can have depressions and elevations on the cover and text, feeling the weight of the pages as you turn them and all of these elements when combined make a book what it is, but when you read an e-book you are exposed to digitized text and a screen. And its been proven that when people are exposed to screens of TVs or computers they are less likely to have a good night sleep. On a web poll rough e-books vs. books one person commented, Ive tried reading a a few(prenominal) e-books but Ive always given up. I just feignt like looking at digitized text when Im reading a novel.I like the feel, the weight and even the looking at of books, many of the following comments made by others agreed with this persons thoughts. A book is a single-task item that is written to distract the reader from everything else happening around them, they are technology designed for the best possible reading experience. An e-reader, however, tends to be a multi-tasking item with the ability to play music and videos as well as hold books. The iPad has a reading function but the revolve around is usually on the masses of games and the ability to search the internet.They beep, they buzz, and they disengage in a thousand ways. I dont ever previse searching quiet side streets in old towns hoping to find apply e-book stores. Thats because there is no such thing as a used e-book. E-books are never used, even when they have been read. They are clam up just files, as unblemished after ten years as they were the day they were duplicated. They will never suddenly appear as hole-and-corner(a) treasures, dug out of a box in an old, rundown book store. They can never be loaned out and they can never be resold. They are forever new, forever fresh, forever unused and unstained.There will be no rare first editions, no beautiful redundant editions to be searched for decades from now. But whether used or new physical books can have sentimental value, you can get given a book for you birthday from your aunt but she cant buy you an e-book, although she can give you the money for one, there wont be a sweet message in its cover and you probably wont remember if you bought the e-book or not. Books have sentimental value to them and are special reminders of times in you li fe because you can see them age and they will always be a physical reminder where they came from.We may be replacing things for easy technology even though some of it keeps us occupied. We still use old fashion books and letters because it connects us to what is happening, the letter you got from your grandma is special because its physical and you can keep it without it somehow disappearing. You can mark a book to show others its yours and to show them how you felt about it, you can lend them to a friend so they can enjoy it too and you can really get into a book that you can feel and smell and hide away from the world to find someplace you can be or do whatever you want.

American Jewry Order nov 3

In the linked States around 1992, American Jewry came into a process of reformation directing toward a consolidation of the Council of Judaic Federations, the United Judaic Appeal, and the United Israel Appeal into the new broad-based organization that could speak in the name of American Jewry in new ways ( Elazar, http//www. jcpa. org/dje/articles3/rwjintro. htm). Travel and communication theory advances facilitated the increasing solidity of the Jewish race across the world.With the progress noted, to a greater extent and more of its people obligate connections throughout the Jewish world, or at least across long distances within in it. Gradu al unityy more individual Jews, their families and communities relied upon resources in other communities, in the form of religious way from Israel or whether it is just for encouragement from the American Jewish experience as measures of intensifying Jewish identity. Even with the overabundance of organizations and organizational activ ities, a mass of the Jewry seem to be oblivious of them.For intimately Jews, familiarity of their bea community involvements is all they know about structured Jewish life, if that. Nevertheless, an institutional structure has substantial and a network of connection more or less involving most of the existing organizations and institutions has been progressing. The Jewish people now have a master prospect to uphold unity than it has had since the destruction of the First Temple in 586 BCE. Up to this day, American Jewry remains the primary pioneer in the packageing of world polity.They are committed to nation-building, the development of Israel, relief and rescue of Jewish communities in need, fighting anti-semitism, representing collective Jewish interests in world affairs, militarisation of leadership and activists to undertake these and other functions, governance functions in the world Jewish polity, assuring that there are appropriate bodies for the carrying on of the func tions, raising pecuniary resource to cover the costs of these functions, oversight of the organizations and institutions handling the functions, developing appropriate inter-organizational transaction both among the authorities that comprise the world Jewish polity and the local, countrywide, regional, and oecumenic arenas (Bubis). The National Jewish Population Survey (NJPS) 2000-01, a $6 million study carried out by The United Jewish Communities, is said to reserve the most all-inclusive, trust outlayy picture of American Jewry to date. Records show that there are 5. 2 million American Jews. This is 5 portion less than the 5. 5 million counted in the 1990 population study. There 4. 3 million American Jews attend Passover seders and light Chanukah candles.This figure also takes account of those more Jewishly utilise families who maintain kosher homes, regularly join synagogue meetings, enrolled Jewish schools and go to at least one Jewish society. The percentage of interma rriage is growing, but at a stable rate, with 47 percent of todays Jewish newlyweds marrying non-Jews. The base Jewish age is 42, in contrast to 35 for Americans in general, and the rankness was 1. 8, lower than the 1. 9 rate for American women generally. The picture of American Jewry highlighted by the study is multifaceted. On the one hand, the American Jewish population is aging and shrinking, as the birthrate is falling and intermarriage is rising, and most Jews do not take on communal or religious pursuits.On the other hand, a vast majority of American Jews attend a Passover seder and celebrate Chanukah and Jewish education is booming. Jews are more affluent than Americans generally. More 33 percent of Jewish households report an annual income of $75,000 or higher, compared to just 18 percent of U. S. households. The median Jewish household income is $54,000, compared to $42,000 for Americans generally. Speaking about affluence, the worlds richest Jew is Steve Ballmer, a Det roit-born son of a Jewish mother, 43 years old, whose worth is an estimated $25 billion. Steve Ballmer was selected president and chief executive officer of Microsoft Corp.on January 13, 2000. In his sight as president and CEO, Ballmer is oversees the entire management of Microsoft. It has been said that the outside terrorization, such(prenominal) as pogroms, coped with by Jews over the centuries act as unifying power. Jews indispensable each other in order to survive in a Jew-hating world. In line with this idea, the elimination of those external threats has run a mover to assimilation. The more accepting the non-Jewish world has become of Jews, the less Jews have mat up they need other Jews and the Jewish community for support and the more Jews have become open to giving up their Jewish ways in an effort to blend with the world around them.Thus, the cost of Jewish supporting exceeded the tax of Jewish living for many 20th century American Jews. While Jewish community effort s to lower costs and increase value have attempted to tip the scales in the other direction, combating the integration of Jews in America, the Land of Opportunty, has been a harsh struggle to win. In an effort to catch and minimize threat, the American Jewry of late has developed a system of beliefs wherein it has become a community characterized with an exclusive and normalized behavior that is attributable to a item people and that is expressed through certain images, symbols, rituals, myths, and other kinds of stories.There developed a sense of pluralism which is defined in their context having the conviction that more than one religion can instruct truths. To put it strongly, religious pluralism maintains that no unique(predicate) religion can assert total certainty to teach dictatorial truth. Within the Jewish population, there is a collective history, a share expression of prayer and study, a overlap Bible and a shared set of rabbinic literature, consequently often provi ding for Jews of considerably diverse worldviews to all the same identify some level of common ideals and purposes. Reference 1. Bubis,Gerald B. The Costs of Jewish Involvements and barriers. http. //Judaism. about. com. 2. Elazar, Daniel E. Jerusalem Center for Public AffairsI. http//www. jcpa. org/dje/articles2/futureamerjewry. htm.

A Critical Analasys of Scientific Management Essay

Fredrick Taylor, the father of scientific concern. He had a firm belief in oneness best focus (Samson & Daft, 2003), of doing something. In the course of study 1899, Taylor held an experiment that involved German and Hungarian men, whose stemma involved some very heavy-duty work (Gabor, 2000). To his disappointment, men all(prenominal) refused to work, or wouldnt work to his lookouts. The men hated him utterly to the bound he required security when going home (Gabor, 2000). In his stallion dilemma with his employers, in stepped Schmidt, a man non of intelligence on the nose had the strength of a bull and an ox- similar mentally required to reach the standards of Fredrick Taylor.The news report of Schmidt reflected 2 two signifi movet aspects of Taylorism (Gabor, 2000). Firstly, it reflected his aggressive personalisedity, which included his high expectation in people, hence his drive to keep on improving. Secondly, it reflected how he did non understand nor respect th e limits of a benevolent being, revea take in his strict and dead managerial style. Scholars of all times seem to criticise this aspect of Taylorism, exactly now despite its deficiency, scientific counseling soared into the 20th century and remains relevant to right aways organisations. Scientific management has its shortcomings and in some instances not relevant in right aways organisations.Its relevancy to todays organisations is simply the fact that it worked and pass overs to today. The system had a strict and clear-cut organized approach. That was because of Taylors firm belief that there was one best way. His absorb of the managements role was to decide exactly how a parturiency was to be fulfilled and that they were to determine how this would be done (Crainer, 1999). His idea of finding the one best way was the use of a stopwatch and timing the make for of doing a caper. Further much, tasks would be broken up into smaller processes, time and done repetitively until the fastest way of performing that specific task would be found. For Taylor, no task was too small for improvement (Olsen, 2001, p. 255). The take away in all the timing and recording was to maximise efficiency and scientific management done that and more.From researching, it can be seen that efficiency is the primary source for its survival and relevance today i.e. enthalpy Ford. Scientific management introduced the initiative of a transporter belt and assembly lines (Olsen, 2001). A development as simple as a conveyer belt has had a long impact on todays productivity levels. According toHenry Ford, ware of cars dramatically increased from 100,000 to 200,000 in the year 1908, at the aforementioned(prenominal) time reducing virtually 1500 actors (Perseus print Staff, 2002). Hence, scientific management let down the cost of fruit and therefore enabled scratch maximisation.The thought behind the conveyer belt or assembly line was to eliminate unnecessary movement. kind of of people having to move themselves to the raw heartys and delivering the goods, they stayed put while the goods and raw material would come to them. Before the conveyer belt, workers had to pull the goods around, generally the botched workers (Perseus Publishing Staff, 2002). This raises another aspect of scientific management. People were elect to do position jobs dep turn backing on their physical or mental capacity (Samson & Daft, 2003). From experience, a retiring(a) co-worker at McDonald who was handicap was subject to cleaning notwithstanding, scientific management in action today. The relevance of this aspect is that people are chosen to best suit a task designated to them i.e. if it is a physical task, a person with the physical capabilities would be chosen. As mentioned earlier, Schmidt was entirely admired by Taylor as he met Taylors expectation (Gabor, 2000).Schmidt had the physical capabilities required of workers in Taylors view. A case study on Mc Donalds indicates the survival of scientific management and its application to todays organisations (Kerr I. & Darl K., 1995). For instance, the production of a burger is an example of assembly line style of production is applied. In the making of one burger, approximately 5-8 people are involved depending on the size of the McDonald unit. The making of the burger is split into the heating of the buns, grilling of the meat patty, ski binding and finally wrapping. Each role may have up to 2 people on each task with specific instructions on how to perform them the tasks. Imagine an individual having to do all of the above production would be very time consuming. Hence, the relevance of scientific management to organisations today is simply the fact the fact it has proven successful, extremely high-octane in the past through Henry Ford (Perseus Publishing Staff, 2002) and still is today at McDonalds.Despite all the flourishing outcomes, it had its shortcomings. The greatest of all was the intervention of workers and that problem still exists today. In researching, critics claim people were treated like machines, by removingunnecessary movement or wasted effort by the observing of and timing of workers (Crainer, 1999). The use of stopwatches was banned in the year 1912 and was not lifted until 1949. At first sight, stopwatches were not generally accepted until Taylor make that giving workers breaks allowed them to recover from fatigue.However, the look at to recover from fatigue suggests work was acquiring ponderouser and rest was essential. Analysts of management claimed scientific management ignored human characteristics, those much(prenominal) as workers personal needs and physical restriction (http//en.wikipedia.org). Work processes became so efficient workers had no time to relax. Also the fact that each worker done one task repetitively all day, every day, seems to be absolutely machine like treatment. The constant inhumane treatment of the workers led to a slay in 1911 at a munitions factory wreak by the army (Crainer, 1999). Fredrick Taylor himself quotesBrutally speaking, our scheme (Scientific management) does not ask any(prenominal) initiative in a man. We do not care for his initiative, each employee should receive every day clear-cut, definite instructions as to just what he is to do and how he is to do it, and these instructions should be exactly carried out, whether they are right or wrong. (Crainer, 1999, p.193).This without a doubt shows how Taylor cared less about humans. His sole purpose of efficiency oversaw the fact that humans will incessantly be humans. Taylor tried to overcome this factor by compensating the workers for a hard days work. He introduced the blame rate system payment. This scheme paying workers according to their production output. Workers at the end of the day had to more fertile in order to earn an adequate wage (Kerr I. & Darl K., 1995). Compensation is only temporary unless it is sufficient. Statistics show at Midvale Steel caller-up in the year 1890, within 8 years an increase in production was more than 300% while the increase in wages was only from 25 to 100% (Olson, 2001), which doesnt sound fair .Despite the introduction of piece rate payment schemes, workers eventually will get fed up and may react in a negative way i.e. strike or quit. Telling workers the precise way of doing something reflects purely shows he did not extremity them to think or their opinion. Today, the identical treatment of humans as robots can be seen. For instance in Samoa, a Japan Company Yazaki runs their factoryproducing wires according to Taylors theories i.e. assembly lines, strict and specific tasks etcetera trading entities claim that people are first, but at the end of the day, managements decisions are solely based on profit maximisation, efficiency and so forth.Henry Ford complained, How come when I want a pair of hands I get a human being as well?(Crainer, 1999, p.194), hence the rise of machinery. Taylor faced the same difficulties and inspired him to do something about it. His development of machines started with a large poise hammer. Taylor eventually owned more than 100 patents (Olson, 2001). His view was the combination of machinery to function human, but not to replace them (Olson, 2001). That view is not as transparent today. With machines production type organisations see it as a more efficient way of performing a task as it meant less errors and fewer workers who may be considered a setback due to their physical and personal limitations. Today in Japan, scientific management has had a vast impact, however, in most factories, people do not run it.Machines normally perform production. According to the Japanese, the final ingredient to fortune production was technology (Tsutsui, p.165). Its relevance to organisations today is that technology has substituted peoples weaknesses for almost errorless machines that enables mass production, reduces wages considerably and in turn maximises profit (Olsen, 2001). However, this could arguably be both relevant and non relevant to organisations. With the introduction of machinery and technology, it in turn eliminated the need for unskilled people. Eventually, organisations will require fewer workers because smaller classifys with the assistance of machinery can produce the same amount as a large group without machinery.Last but not least of its shortcomings was the deskilling of people. Scientific management may have made production easier in the sense that tasks were small and repetitive. An military group of this was that a skilled worker could easily be replaced by an unskilled worker (Kerr I. & Darl K., 1995). In doing so, there may be a non-foreseeable action on the organisation.To conclude, scientific management is largely relevant to todays organisations. The essay suggests that its relevance and applicationoverrides its negative aspects. Its contribution has enabled mass efficient production. The one best way view of Taylor came out with a straight improvement in production and machinery. Humans will always be viewed and treated like machines this deficiency exists and will continue to until scientific managements approach sees to the human characteristics, which is unlikely. Despite all its pros and cons, it will exsert and will be continually applied in organisations today as it has proven to be successful in the past, is today and will continue to be successful in the future.REFERENCES.Crainer, S. (1999). 75 Greatest Management Decisions ever Made.Saranac Lake, NY, ground forces AMACOM. Electronic Version. Retrieved 4th August 2005, from http//site.ebrary.com/lib/auckland/ medico?id=10018416Gabor, A. (2000). Capitalist Philosophers The Geniuses of Modern backup Their Lives, Times. Westminster, MD, USA Crown Publishing Group, Incorporated. Electronic Version. Retrieved 7th August 2005, from http//site.ebrary.com/lib/auckland/Doc?id=2002333In kson, K., & Kolb, D. (1995). Management- A New Zealand Perspective.New Zealand Longman Paul.Olson, J. S. (2001). Encyclopedia of the Industrial Revolution in America.Westport, CT, USA Greenwood Publishing Group, Incorporated. Electronic Version. Retrieved 7th August 2005, from http//site.ebrary.com/lib/auckland/Doc?id=10040740Perseus Publishing Staff (2002). Business The Ultimate Resource.London, GBR Bloomsbury Publishing Plc. Electronic Version. Retrieved 5th August. From http//site.ebrary.com/lib/auckland/Doc?id=10022156Samson, D., & Daft, R. L. (2003). Management-Pacific Rim Edition. Victoria, Australia Thomson Learning Australia.Tsutsui, W. M. (1998). Manufacturing political orientation Scientific Management in Twentieth-Century Japan. Ewing, NJ, USA Princeton University Press. Electronic Version. Retrieved 6th August 2005, from http//site.ebrary.com/lib/auckland/Doc?id=10035927Wikipedia online Encyclopedia.Retrieved 11th August 2005, from http//en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scientific _management.

Language Stereotypes in Television Essay

That 70s Show is an American sitcom that ran from 1998-2006. It spend a pennys place in 1976-1980 Wisconsin and centers around a group of highschool kids and ends a couple years after their graduation. In a way, the show proves that no matter what the decade, kids behave the kindred way and have mostly the same stereotypes. There be galore(postnominal) characters who have either ethnic or gender stereotypes pinned to them through their wrangle or how they act. The first example is too the main love interest of the show, Eric and Donna.In the later seasons, when the main descent is more serious, Eric believes that Donnas responsibilities when married is to stay at home and take care of the children era he worked. However, Donna, being a feminist, wanted zero to do with staying home all the time. She wanted to explore the world and work. other character who exemplifies a fe staminate stereotype is Jackie. She is a year younger than everyone else and her language can best be described as oft high-pitched and definitely the most girly on the show.She loves pink unicorns and everything stereotypedly girly. Many of the male characters can often picture her annoying because of her overbearing girliness. The most manful character is Hyde, and through his actions and words he expresses many male stereotypes. He is very direct with what he says and never beats around the bush. If he has a problem with something he will not hesitate to deal up and does seem to be commanding of the other characters, seeming two stronger and smarter than the other men.He uses the word man often, something that seems to be stereotypical of a guy. He will often use silence to his advantage when necessary. some other character is Fez(basically an acronym for Foreign Exchange Student), a dark sinister boy whose country of origin is unknown. Being foreign, his language is poor at best since he doesnt understand authoritative things that are congenial in this late 1970s teena ge American culture, often use for laughs.It works because it is typical for someone learning a foreign language that differs from their native language to not make the connection between certain acceptable usages of words. Kelso is the stereotypical idiot who you cant help nevertheless to love. He uses words such as man and dude, like many other masculine characters typically do. Words ending in ing are shortened to in, instead of saying running, Kelso will say runnin. Finally, in that location is red-faced and Kitty.Kitty speaks with a loving high pitch and is the polar opposite to Reds stern low voice. These are both stereotypical characters, the father believes he is supposed to be the main provider and the punisher of the children, while the mother should be taking care of the children and comforting them. In the end, there are many stereotypes in television shows and movies. Some are harder to find than others, but if you look enough, they can be very easy to spot.

Proffessional Ethics

superior ethical motive has pay off more(prenominal) central e verywhere the years. As we become more particular(prenominal)ized in our occupation, the issues become that much more multif secondorial and hard. professed(prenominal) people and those hold tabuing in acknowledged works exercise specialist knowledge and skill. How the use of this knowledge should be governed when providing a service to the overt net be leaseed a moralistic issue and is termed master key morality. They moldiness complete their job according to the moral values. pros be capable of reservation judgments, applying their skills and reaching informed decisions in situations that the general public can non, because they hand non received the relevant training. One of the earliest examples of passkey morals is likely the Hippocratic oath to which medical still adhere to this day. Professional ethics is a set of standards adopted by a professional community. Professional ethics are reg ulated by standards, which are often referred to as codes of ethics. The code of ethics is very important because it gives us boundaries that we affirm to proceed within in our professional careers.The champion problem with the code of ethics is that we cant always redeem the answers. Professional bodies score increasingly been at work developing, revising and refining professional codes of ethics. Professionals themselves ask for more detailed codes so as to have greater guidance. There is no longer a deference to the authority of experts on the part of the public or of the client group. Professional ethics helps a professional choose what to do when face up with a problem at work that raises a moral issue.One can certainly study what professionals do when faced with such problems, and confine the interrogative sentence to the description. Our concern here, however, is to assist with making choices an approach c entirelyed prescriptive professional ethics. ostensibly one (a) can be unethical without behaving illegally. It is a common systematization of unethical behaviour to say well, it wasnt illegal, so who cares? . It is perhaps the study point of professional ethics, though, to deal with scenarios that do non involve illegality. Professional ethics covers far more issues than the law does.Many of the issues are imbedded in untidy and complex f veritable situations, so ethical issues tend to be harder to post than legal issues. We should have more sympathy when someone says they were confused or ignorant or thoughtless intimately a moral issue, as opposed to a legal problem. How does one recognize a moral problem within professional ethics? Is the issue one of unspoilt or wrong action? Is the issue one of good or bad motives, methods or goals? Is at that place a value at back up? Is the terminology not descriptive, but prescriptive, involving words like should, ought to?We do a much better job of identifying issues in professional ethics if we are sensitive to the principles and values set out in our professional codes of ethics (that is one of their benefits an educational function). It helps to have lists of issues available to contemplate. It is a curse of the ordinal century to speak of ethics as being subjective or relative its all a matter of mortalal popular opinion. Moral relativism is ultimately futile and nihilistic. There can be no real debate, guidance, judgement or resolution.Those claiming relativism are usually in a direct of self-rationalization. Moral absolutism is not a tenable position either, as it leads to inflexibility and a harshness that creates its own injustices. Most study corporations, and many smaller companies, now have encrypts of Ethics, along with a shed of another(prenominal), issue-particular proposition ethics schedules. Such a document embodies the ethical commitments of your governing it tells the beingness who you are, what you stand for, and what to expect when c onducting business with you. Therefore, in that respect are 2 important processes in forming this law ) Objective There has been a dramatic enlarge in the ethical expectations of businesses and professions over the past ten years. Increasingly, customers, clients and employees are deliberately convergeking out those who define the basic ground rules of their operations on a day to day Why have a tag of Ethics? To define accepted/acceptable behaviours To promote high standards of traffic pattern To provide a benchmark for members to use for self evaluation To kick in a framework for professional behaviour and responsibilities As a vehicle for occupational identity As a mark of occupational matureness Different kinds of documents serve different purposes. Is your new document intended to guide onpeople or to set out requirements? Is it really a jurisprudence of Ethics that you need? You might consider creating a Statement of Values, a Policy, a Mission Statement or a Cod e of Conduct. Ideally, a code of ethics should be tailored to the needs and values of your face. use up yourself, what makes your Code specific to your organization? Is there anything that differentiates it from similar documents devised other firms in your field, or in other fields?If not, what makes it your Code, other than the fact that your logotype is at the top? Your Code should make clear who within your organization leave alone be governed by it. Does it cover everyone from the mailroom through to the boardroom? solely senior managers? Who has to sign off on it? Keep in sagacity that lower-level employees whitethorn not state very seriously a document that senior managers either arent bound by, or take mildly Many ethics codes have two components. First, anaspirationalsection, often in the preamble, that outlines what the organization aspires to, or the thinkingls it hopes to live up to.Second, an ethics code forget typically list somerules or principles, which memb ers of the organization provide be judge to adhere to. In order to en legitimate the objective of the law depart be reached, it is important to get the people who will be manoeuvre by the code be actively involved in musical composition it. If your organization is too large to get everyone involved, consider selecting representatives from various departments or various business units. The document is bound to be more compressedingful, and divulge higher levels of acceptance, if employees are part of the process.Its a good whim to consult key stakeholders including, for example, customers, suppliers, and local community groups as to what they think should be in your Code. This will help reveal what important external constituencies see as your key obligations, and will help make sure that the Code you write deals with the full black market of issues that might confront your organization. 2) Planning by and by you have reached the objective of the code, you necessity mak e proper planning so that the code can be formed and implement on the eon stipulated by your organizations management. How will the Code be implemented?Once its written, will it gather dust, or will it modulate policy and practice? What procedures are in place to make sure that writing a Code is more than just organizational navel-gazing? An in force(p) implementation scheme (perhaps as an appendix to the Code) will explain to all concerned how the values embodied in your Code will be put into practice. You essential also plan for education. It is a key aspect of implementation has to be employee training and education. How will employees be educated about the Code? A Code can only be efficient if your employees know about it.Will new employees receive training regarding the Codes requirements? Will current employees receive refresher courses? Especially for large organizations, the stairs required to train employees on the requirements of a Code deserve special attention. Ot her than that, you must also be clear about enforcement. How, if at all, will the Code be enforced? Are there specific penalties for violating the Code, or is the Code merely there to provide guidance? Who will decide when an employee has violated the Code will that be up to the employees conterminous supervisor, or will that be the exclusive domain of senior managers? break down but not least, you must specify a sunset date. When will the code be reviewed and updated? Times change, and new issues come to light, so consider specifying a date for revising and refreshing your Code. What is the role of a professional code of ethics? It helps clarify values and rules, it strengthens group identity and collegiality, it fosters public confidence, and it can be used as a framework for discipline. The auditory sentience is the public, employers, clients, and fellow professionals. A code of ethics can be inspirational, educational, a tool for decision-making and a reference point.One can also criticize over reliance on a code of ethics. It can instil complacence (were ethical because we have a code of ethics). If it isnt used or enforced, the suspicion may be its there simply to polish the groups public image or to bolster a professional monopoly. It must be said that a code of ethics doesnt create ethics and it is not really possible to completely codify ethics. Collateral education is necessary to postulate a code of ethics alive. Most professional ethics cases have to do with skirmishs. A moral dilemma is a betrothal.We may have a clash surrounded by risk to human carriage and airscrew interests, or a clash between risk to human sustenance and risk to the environment. However, a common type of conflict is a conflict of interest. This usually refers to a conflict between ones professional duties and ones personal interests. As mentioned above, these case may not be true moral dilemmas, although they may be agonising to resolve. A bad faith decision by a professional can involve the use of ones position or powers to obtain a personal benefit the powers or position have been used for a purpose other than for which they were granted.Sometimes there is an overlap with the law. It is a criminal offence to receive a secret commission. The vindication of property is often denigrated as a value. It compares poorly with human life. We have already seen in the Burgess and Mullen study that economic pressure was the most common reason for ethical misbehaviour. It is an issue that the professional must guard against in his her own decision making, as well as an issue to watch for in others. Others will not go along because of the cost (a property interest). When risk to life is high, there is little distrust which way we should go.Where there is resistance, the professional has a duty to be bonnie and forceful and not to go along. Someone else may have the authority to make the decision and they then assume the liability, ethically and le gally. Where the person in authority is unreasonable and dishonest, the situation may cry out for whistleblowing on the part of the professional. This should first take the form of internal whistleblowing as in an obvious case, some other senior person will see the light. On occasion, the external authorities must be called. A professional has less job security than a non-professional, and it is self imposed.The pay off thing to do is to withdraw services, but such cases should be very rare. Many codes of ethics refer to dealings with colleagues. It is useful to distinguish between duties to the profession as an institution and duties to professional colleagues. They are not the same. What does it mean to say that the professional will not bring the profession into discredit? If the efforts of colleagues will be undermined by a general loss of paper and credibility resulting from personal misconduct of an individual, the wrong-doer may be doing far more harm indirectly than dire ctly.The issue is not, as some might believe, a loss of income, prestige or position of colleagues, it is a reduction in the protection to the client group or public that is the harm done. Professionals must be vigilant that they are not protecting their self-interest when the profession is attacked or its reputation impugned, but are protecting the interests of others. As for relations with colleagues on an individual basis, a professional is required to be cooperative, respectful, supportive, helpful, broad-minded as well as open, and without blatant or crude competition. competition is good, but it must be meritocratic and honest.And it is of the essence of professionalism that discipline is avered. It is an essential element of professionalism, and it is often referred to directly in codes of ethics, that one must pursue in professional development throughout ones career. The idea of continuous improvement in professional knowledge and skills is actually unquestioning in the standard of the reasonable peer. There is a duty to take courses, read the literature, attend conferences, and so on. Many professional groups encourage (if not enforce) this through mandatory maintenance points you can lose your designation if you cannot pose upgrading over time.Many codes refer to haleness as a value maintain the highest standards of impartiality. It seems vague at first. Integrity mean a concord in commitment to moral commitments. Integrityis a concept of agreementof actions, values, methods, measures, principles, expectations, and outcomes. In ethics, honor is regarded as the honesty andtruthfulnessor verityof ones actions. Integrity can be regarded as the opposite of hypocrisy,in that integrity regards internal consistency as a virtue, and suggests that parties holding apparently hostile values should account for the discrepancy or alter their beliefs.The word integrity stems from the Latin adjectiveinteger( strong, complete). In this context, integri ty is the inner sense of wholeness deriving from qualities such ashonestyand consistency ofcharacter. As such, one may judge that others have integrity to the extent that they act according to the values, beliefs and principles they claim to hold. Avalue systemsabstraction depthand range of applicable interaction may also function as hearty factors in identifying integrity due to their congruence or lack of congruence with observation.A value system may evolve over time sequence retaining integrity if those who espouse the values account for and resolve inconsistencies. Commitment to commitments means ones moral character must be consistent, whole and integrated. You dont have integrity if you are committed to contrary standards or values. Your behaviour would become erratic and inconsistent. Integrity is related to other values, such as honesty. To be true to a system of values, one must be honest. A person with integrity will include errors, refrain from false pretences and ad vise clients truthfully.Integrity is related to promise keeping one must follow through on promises. A professional should be careful about what is promised. If you cant deliver on your promises, your integrity is said to be jeopardized. Integrity is also related to dedication loyalty to ones profession, the goals of the profession, loyalty to the employers goals. Loyalty should not be blind, however, and so other values may be in conflict with loyalty if the employers goals are not in themselves worthy in the circumstances. Do remember that a code of ethics will not solve all ethical problems.But we must remember that good laws, if they are not obeyed, do not constitute good government. Hence there are two parts of good government one is the actual obedience of citizens to the laws, the other part is the goodness of the laws which they obey. (2567 words) REFERENCES 1) C. A. Brincat and V. S. Wike, Morality and the Professional support Values at Work. Prentice Hall Inc. , (2000) . 2) Pamela S. Lewis, Stephen H. Goodman, Patricia M. Fandt, Management Challenges for Tomorrows Leaders, 4th Edition, Thomson, South Western. (2004) 3) Chris MacDonald, Ph. D. Gene Marks, ed. , Streetwise Small Business phonograph recording of Lists, Adams Media 2006.

Analysis of Little Women

The little womens story begin when jillion and experience argon teenagers and the two one-year-oldest are entering adolescence. Their family is in the poorest stream since the father is serving in the army. At this time, Laurie, a rich boy, gesture to this t consume and become female childs close friend. Each of the girls faces their moral demons when they grow older. blessedness strives hard to be a great writer. The bashful girl Beth has to subdue shyness, while Amy, the youngest one, has to fight against her bosom enemy aristocratic pride.Finally, Meg gets marry with Laurels gentlemanliness tutor, John Brooke. After Joy refused the courtship of Laurie, she goes to New York to pursue her ambition, in where she meets a learned German expatriate Professor Bear, who helps her a great deal in writing. Amy takes up advanced studies of painting in Europe hobby Aunt Carroll, unexpectedly fall in love with Laurie. They go keystone home when Beth dies at an early age. Joy also returns home and cares for her good family. Amy There are 1000 Hamlets in 1000 peoples eyes.However, I should say, Amy is so as well. Someone think that she is stagy someone consider her as a childish girl while, in my opinion, she is a rattling attractive girl. She Is described by the author as a girl who own curled golden hair and blue eyes. As an aristocratic young girl, Amy dreamt of marrying a wealthy man, which became true that achieved by marrying Laurie. Since Amy is the youngest one in her family, she was very much bullied by her sisters In some sense. When they had a role play in the family, Amy always acted the character which as abandoned by everyone.She compromised to her sisters even though she already said that she would not. At the end, she gave up on art because she popular opinion herself to be lacking of talent. Nevertheless, she had a happiness marriage with Laurie and gave birth to a daughter. The photograph vs.. The book The movie Is edited and adjusted b ased on the directors comprehension. Writing close the differences between the book and the movie of The Little Women, I want to focus on two main aspects the story and the characterization.The inaugural two chapters of the book are cut down In the image. In addition, several significant details are disappeared In the film, such as the conservation between Joy and her drive talking about how Joy could control her Irritable temper and the endeavour Amy made for being a grace lady. The lack of the details results In the ambiguous presentation of the characters reputation. We cannot suck fully the tomboyish nature on Joy and the challenge she faces because of this personality which Is wrote In details In the book.Whats more, there Is no mention about Beets bashfulness. I am not aware of how shy Beth Is until reading the book. Actually, the film and the novel are evidently different on the story and the depiction of the character. Analysis of Little Women By Militarily in my op inion, she is a very kind girl. She is described by the author as a girl who Amy is the youngest one in her family, she was often bullied by her sisters in some The movie is edited and adjusted based on the directors comprehension. Writing of the book are cut down in the film.In addition, several significant details are disappeared in the film, such as the conservation between Joy and her mother talking about how Joy could control her irritable temper and the endeavor Amy made for being a grace lady. The lack of the details results in the ambiguous presentation of challenge she faces because of this personality which is wrote in details in the book. Whats more, there is no mention about Beets bashfulness. I am not aware of how shy Beth is until reading the book. Actually, the film and the novel are obviously

Problematizing Feminsim: An Article Critique Essay

A thorough examination of Shefali Desais article understandably shows the major issues that argon confronted by the feminist movement. Desai carefully examined the underlying ideological tenets, as well as the corresponding political, social and ethnic differences that come out to create a wide gap among some(prenominal) feminist activists. This is some particularly true in cases that specifically focus on the comprehension of womens rights and at the same time, taking into full consideration the single cultural and social arenas in which oppression and repression take place.Clearly, under this context, Desai attempts to design a concrete and feasible solution on how to resolve the tensions and disparities, which are often experienced and reflected in feminisms multicultural approach. To nonwithstanding illustrate the authors contentions and arguments, Desai offered a substantial distinction nigh the glaring differences between the methods and approaches that are deploye d by universalists and cultural relativists (5). As universalism implies, Desai expounded that this occurrence approach upholds the belief that the idea of human beings rights offer be unsounded within a single vantage point (5).Consequently, cultural relativism espouses that human rights should be contextualized from different angles that subsequently acknowledge a range of impertinent factors (Desai 5). The political, social and more importantly, cultural factors, thus affect the individuals scope of reality. In this aspect, arguing for a universal approach is no less than a subtle assertion of power legitimacy and to a certain extent, subordination. Desai, then linked these scenarios to the recognition of womens rights in non-Western setting, such(prenominal) as the Taliban society (7).Via exerting a conscious effort to trace the historic narrative of the Taliban government, Desai narrated how a series of wars and intercultural differences have affected the women of Afghanis tan (7). But with Talibans rise and its strict imposition of Islamic Law, is perceived by many as far more repressive, patriarchal and detrimental to Afghan women (Desai 7). This is patronage of the fact that several members of the community have seen the Taliban approach as yet another office of safeguarding not only their women, alone also their cultural practices (Desai 11).This particular situation has led Desai to question the seemingly monolithic and (apathetic) contentions of both(prenominal) universalists and cultural relativists women advocates. Critically speaking, far more than acknowledging human rights, it can be argued that Desai was also concerned on a pragmatic application of multicultural feminism (Worell 432). The Taliban case, far more than anything else raises the question of whose feminism is involved, most especially in scenarios that revolved around women oppression and identity construction. For those who do not have a direct experience of oppression, uni versalism and feminism can be easily combined.However, it cannot be denied that individual differences and cultural and individualistic considerations may secernate feminist movements from across the globe. Thus, via providing clear definitions and comprehensive distinctions of how womanhood is experienced and understood in various social settings, Desais work remarkably eliminates the speculation of Western feminist hegemony. Consequently, by being open to the respective cultural constraints of women in highly marginalized regions, the article remains free from the biases of relativism and still offers a highly pragmatic approach.The example that Desai used added to the authors credibleness since it successfully illustrated the concrete shortcomings of two divergent perspectives that exceed the theoretical or hypothetical assumptions. Evidently, the remaining parts of Desais discussion presented different way of )dealing with feminism and human rights recognition. Desai called for a much more holistic and embodied approach via formulating intelligent protocols that duly recognize human rights with great sensitivity. Yes, Desais work calls for sensitivity, in the sense that feminists must also pay worry to the individualistic needs of many women.In this manner, highly customized and appropriate solutions can be enacted. Oftentimes, women-related problems become worse, not only because of the lack of direct action, but also due to the excessive politics that exist among feminists and even legal experts. As Desai stressed, feminism cannot possible produce good results if the idea of numerousness is taken for granted (17). Here, it can be seen that Desai actually looks for parallelism quite than an abrupt intersection of opposing views and ideologies.The strengths of universalism and cultural relativism are combined to sweep over its respective weaknesses. In this aspect, biases and politicking shall be lessened and feminism now transforms into an busin esslike and pragmatic solution. Works Cited Desai, Shefali. Hearing Afghans Womens Voices womens rightist Theorys Re- Conceptualization of Womens Human Rights. Arizona journal of International and Comparative Law. 16. 805 (1999) 1-17 Worell, Judith. Encyclopedia of Women and Gender Sex Similarities and the Impact of ball club on Gender. California Academic Press

African American Studies paper Essay

The civil rights movement was a mass knowledge movement against racial requisition and discrimination in the southern states that came to a national eminence during the mid 1950s. This movement can be express to be a long time coming for African slaves and their descendants to resist racial oppression, especially later the United States abolished slavery. Although, slaves were emancipated during the civil war & were then granted basic civil rights with the highly of the 14th amendment and 15th amendment they still competed and suffered trying to get compare for the be situation hundred years.Throughout the check of time in which African Americans fought for equality, desegregation and racism, the United States made massive swaps. Beginning with the Jim Crow Laws, the countless dally cases and the vast impact on the Civil Rights leaders during this time period of trying to gain equality in that respect were two sides to this fight. One side was through the nonviolent objection while the separate side was to a greater extent of an active resistance. The modern period of the civil rights movement can ultimately be divided into several phases. Each act of a protest first started off small and ultimately became big.The Brown vs. Board of information demonstrated that the process of taking sound action strategy of the NAACP could pinchtend the legal foundations of southern. This thought or strategy would only work if blacks came together instead of individually trying to conquer. Therefore during the 1950s and 1960s the NAACP sponsored legal suits and social movement seeking social changes accompanied legislative lobbying. The elemental phase of the black protest began on scalawag 2 celestial latitude 1, 1955 when a woman named Rosa Parks, of Montgomery, Alabama, refused to micturate up her canful to a white bus rider.In the result of not giving her john up she was defying a southern custom that required blacks to give sit down toward t he front of the buses to whites. Therefore by not giving up her seat she was then arrested and put in jail. When she was jailed a black union boycott of the citys buses began. The boycott lasted more(prenominal) than a year, demonstrating the hotshot and determination of black residents. The well-known Martin Luther office, younger who was most famous for his I have a daydream speech was the most active leader of this boycott.Although King and Parks were apart of the NAACP the Montgomery movement led to the innovation in 1957 of a new organization called the gray Christian leadership Conference with King as the president. On February 1, 1960 four freshmen at northeastward Carolina A&T College began a wave of sit-ins designed to end segregation at southern diners. These protest resulted in the new organization called the scholarly person Non-Violent Coordinating Committee. August 28th though was the climax of the civil rights movement.That was the day blacks did the March o n Washington & Martin Luther King, Jr.gave his I have a dream speech. King with the help of legion(predicate) new(prenominal)s helped bringing the passage of the Civil Rights crop of 1964. After the passing of the Civil Rights Act of 1964 the last major racial protest would be the Selma to Montgomery march. Soon after the march congress passed the Voting Rights Act of 1965. By the late 1960s there was a growth of a new organization with more of a ascendent approach, the organization was called the dark-skinned Panther Party. During the late half of the 1960s there were a series of riots. Page 3Supporters of black liberation saw civil rights reforms as an insufficient method because they did not address the problems approach by millions of poor blacks. Elijah Muhammad and Malcolm X influenced the pitch blackness Nationalism group. After the 1960s civil rights movement blacks witnessed some(prenominal) group of leaders, Malcolm X and Martin Luther King Jr. , assassinated. Th e mark these two men left behind did not go away though. Despite the civil rights gains of the 1960s racial discrimination remained a significant factor in America. Even after President Johnson declared a war on poverty and Dr.King initiated a Poor Peoples Campaign in 1968, the dispersal of the nations wealth and income moved toward greater inequality during the 70s and 80s. Some advantages of the Civil Rights & Black Power movement was that ethnic minorities gained rights that should not have been denied to them on the al-Qaeda of skin color. The common law did not provide satisfactory justification of basic human rights for the future of the community. The civil rights movement ensured that rights are saved and courts require a clear direction rough what rights should be protected.The con about the civil rights movement was that the increase of litigation in the courts would give excessive power to the judiciary rights. Earlier in the essay I referenced the different movement s but what I didnt mention was that both groups took different strives to achieve their goals. Martin Luther King Jr. and the Southern Christian leadership Conference took more of a non-violent approach to reach their goals according to the Southern Christian Leadership Conference website. While King and his group was more of a non-violent group, the Page 4.Black Nationalism and Malcolm X were more radical. Malcolm X had coined the phrase by any means necessary which meant he valued to achieve equal rights at any length of sacrifice. Even though Malcolm X said, by any means necessary according to Dr. Stephanie L. McKinney he only used violence as a self defense mechanism. Martin Luther King Jr. on the other hand realized that nonviolent tactics was the way to go. Ultimately both leaders pursued the comparable goal and both achieved it. As you can see in the paragraphs above both Martin Luther King Jr.and Malcolm X had two different approaches to gain equality but I support Mart in Luther King Jr. ways of gaining equality more than Malcolm Xs.Martin Luther King Jr. was one of the few throng who lived up to what he preached. Martin Luther King Jr. sold out to his cause, was aflame about his mission, and connected with the audience. Malcolm Xs radical movement was the cause why I couldnt side with him. I respect Malcolm X but disagree with any view that encourages violence. King wanted change with his voice, which in my opinion is the strongest tool for someone, who doesnt support violence.If you think about it physical punishment is dealt to one person and everyone else doesnt necessarily receive the pain but words can be felt through everyone whos listening. Just like many other movements and eras the Civil Rights & Black Power movement started, climaxed, then faded. Although, this era influenced many generations that came later and many the great unwashed still benefit from the efforts of the Civil Rights leaders such as Rosa Parks, Martin Luther King Jr. , & Malcolm X. Some former civil rights activists, such as John Lewis, Andrew Young, and Jesse Jackson, launched Page 5careers in electoral politics. American civil rights legislation of the 1960s became the center for affirmative action programs that increase opportunities for many black students and workers as well as for women, disabled people, and other victims of discrimination. However, civil rights issues continued to stimulate protests, particularly when previous gains appeared to be threatened. Overall, the 20th-century struggle for civil rights produced an enduring transformation of the legal status of African Americans and other victims of discrimination.It also increased the responsibility of the government to enforce civil rights laws. APA Citations Page 54h. Malcolm X and the Nation of Islam. (n. d. ). Malcolm X and the Nation of Islam ushistory. org. Retrieved December 5, 2013, from http//www. ushistory. org/us/54h. asp From Black Revolution to Radical Humanism Malcolm X between recital and International History. (n. d. ). Home. Retrieved December 4, 2013, from http//www. humanityjournal. org/humanity-volume-3-issue-2/black-revolution-radical-humanism-malcolm-x-between-biography-and-internat.McKinney, S. (n. d. ). Malcolm X. About. com 20th Century History. Retrieved December 4, 2013, from http//history1900s. about. com/od/people/a/Malcolm-X. htm Nonviolent Resistance. (n. d. ). Nonviolent Resistance. Retrieved December 4, 2013, from http//mlk-kpp01. stanford. edu/index. php/encyclopedia/ Southern Christian Leadership Conference. (n. d. ). Southern Christian Leadership Conference. Retrieved December 5, 2013, from http//www. historylearningsite. co. uk/southern_christian_leadership_co. htm.