Christina Rossettie Biography :: essays research papers

Christina Rossetti was born in London on December 5, 1830 . She had two brothers and virtuoso sister, Dante Gabriel Rossetti , William Michael Rossetti and Maria Francesca Rossetti. Their father, Gabriele Rossetti, was an Italian poet and a political asylum seeker from Naples, and their mother, Frances Polidori, was the sister of Lord Byrons friend and physician, John William Polidori.Rosetti was home schooled by her mother because in the 1840s her family was potty with severe financial difficulties due to the deterioration of her fathers physical and mental health. When she was 14, Rossetti suffered a sever nervous breakdown, which in the following years was followed by sever bouts of clinical depression and closely related illnesses. It was during this period of Rossettis life that she, along with her mother and sister, became seriously invested in the Anglo-Catholic movement that was part of the Church of England.This religious devotion contend a major role in Rossettis persona l life for the rest of her life. In her late teens she became engaged to a painter James Collinson, save in that respect commitment eventually ended because of religious differences that they had. James Collinson reverted back to Catholicism. Some time after that Christina Rosseti became involved with the linguist by the unfamiliar name of Charles Cayley, but she did not marry him either because of, once more religious issues. For some time it was believed that Christina Rossetti was a extremity of the Pre-Raphaelite movement, However Christina Rossetti was never a member of the group known as the Pre-Raphaelites.She was only connected to this group because her father and her brothers were members of the group. Although she was not a member she was a crucial member of the inner circle. In fact her brothers, Dante Gabriele Rossetti and her other brother William Michael Rossetti were original founders of the Pre-Raphaelite Brother hood back in 1849, along with a few other original founders by the names of , William Holman Hunt (1827-1910), John Everett Millais (1829-1896), James Collinson, Thomas Woolner, and F. G. Stephens, in order to revitalize the arts.The Pre-Raphaelite Brotherhood (also known as the Pre-Raphaelites) was a group of face painters, poets and critics, founded in 1848. The groups intention was to reform art by rejecting what they considered to be the mechanistic approach adopted by the Mannerist artists who followed Raphael and Michelangelo. They believed that the Classical poses and elegant compositions of Raphael in particular had been a corrupting influence on academic teaching of art.

Comparing Daystar and Those Winter Sundays Essay -- comparison compare

The two metrical compositions I have chosen to analyze are Daystar by Rita Dove and Those Winter Sun solar days by Robert Hayden. The poem Daystar taken with(p) me from my first reading of it because I do the same thing this woman did sometimes. The apartment I share with my husband has a balcony where I have plant some flowers, and sometimes when the whether is nice I drag a rocking chair out there into the sun and just sit and let my thoughts wander. This poem reminds me of those moments. The seed uses imagery in the poem to make the experience of this one woman stand out vividly. The first lines of the poem say she saw diapers steaming on the line / a doll slumped behind the door. The phrase steaming on the line is especially strong, making me able to feel the balmy heat of the day and the bright warm sunshine on my skin. Also, the diapers and doll may serve as symbols in this poem for all the cares that the woman carries in looking subsequently her children. Right now she wants to put all that behind her, and doesnt want any reminders of it. She wants to escape into a place where there are no demands. Another visual image in this poem occurs when the woman is looking around her backyard, and she sees the pinched armor of a vanished cricket, / a floating maple leaf. These are little things that catch your guardianship for a second, not things to sit an contemplate about. I think the point is that the woman doesnt really want to think about anything, she just wants to be. Sometimes she doesnt evening want to look at anything, but instead close her eyes and see only her own vivid blood. This image of the woman looking at her own blood makes it seem like this time alone reminds her that she is very alive -- that she has a free will and can... ...ut something the mother is doing for herself, while the second poem is all about the sacrifices the father made for his son. Comparing them shows the mother to be the more selfish of the two, in that her chi ld and husband are distractions from her revelry, and they are evenhandedly burdensome to her. But the father is totally self-sacrificing -- getting up in the blueblack cold, making a fire with cracked hands that ached. He takes no thought for his own comfort, except, possibly, when he gets angry. This makes me think if the father had spent some time relaxing like the mother, maybe he wouldnt have gotten as angry. perchance thinking of yourself every once in awhile is a good thing, I dont know, but it is interesting to note the contrast. I think mother in the first poem is person we can relate to, but the father in the second poem is a person we admire.  

Deception in Shakespeares King Lear :: King Lear essays

The Deception in King Lear      William Shakespeares play King Lear is a play full of deceit and betrayal. This becomes evident in the first few lines.  We firstlearn of the empty words of Goneril and Regan as well as their hatred for theirfather, King Lear.  This becomes the center of the play and also leads to the ferocity that the king suffers from.      The first words that Goneril speaks are totally empty and are the completeopposite of what she really feels.  She says, Sir, I retire you more than word smoke wield the matter Dearer than eye-sight, space and liberty (I.i.54-55)The reason why there are no words to express her love for her father is that shehas no love for him and it does non exist.  The same goes for her baby, Regan,who is plotting against her father as well.  She says that she feels the sameway as her sister and expresses how Goneril has named her very deed of love.Regan adds a little twist to this an d professes that she loves Lear more thanher sisters and that Gonerils nitty-gritty for her father comes too short.(I.i.71)  By uttering these words, Regan shows that her love is even less truethan that of her sisters.  She goes even farther to say         ...that I profess         Myself an foe to all some other joys         Which the most precious square of sense possesses,         And find I am alone felicitate         In your dear highness love.                                       I.i.71-75 This goes to show that she is more greedy than her sister and her words are alsofalser.  She wants more than her sister and will do anything to attain her goal.Her ambition to get what she wants is evident in the words that she speaks.  Sheclaims herself to be an enemy to all other joys but she is really the enemy toher father.      The next person King Lear calls to speak is his soft-spoken daughter,Cordelia.  Lear does not have much respect for her because she does not flatterhim and put him on the pedestal that he feels that he should be put on.  This isexactly what his other daughters do and he feels very strongly that Cordeliashould do the same.  Because of all the flattery that was given him by his othertwo daughters, he gives them most of his possessions.  The first thing thatCordelia says when the King asks her to speak is nothing.  The king is enragedby this remark and says that, Nothing will come of nothing speak again.

How does the poet express the difficulties of being in a minority? :: English Literature

How does the poet express the difficulties of being in a minority?In the verse form hunting for my knife Bhatt has expressed how through herown somebodyal experience she has found learning a new style to bedifficult physically and emotionally. throughout the poem she hasconveyed how her mother language Gujarati slowly started to erode,as she took on her foreign tongue English. She shows this throughnot only the vocabulary of the poem but the social system etc too.The intention of the poem is to convey how although learning a newlanguage is extremely difficult, your mother tongue will alwaysremain an essential area of your identity. Bhatt is worried that sheis forgetting her mother tongue and that her second language willnever be as natural. At the start of the poem Bhatt uses a secondperson address and conversational language You ask me what I meanand rhetorical questions I ask you which makes it sound like she istalking to the reader about her job and asking them to empathise with her. When Bhatt says what would you do it suggests a level ofdetachment as does the absence of doublery in the opening lines. Thetone is sooner negative and quite depressing. She sounds as if she isin despair.Towards the middle of the poem she uses Gujarati to show us hermother tongue and emphasise its great difference from English. Inthe last part of the poem Bhatt uses metaphorical language, which ismore poetic than previously in the poem and very different to theconversational language at the start for example, she uses themetaphor of her mother tongue growing back as a flower.The structure of the poem is quite unusual due to it not being brokendown into regular and ceremonious stanzas. The form of the poemreminds the reader of how your language develops and grows over time.The first part of the poem explains the problem Bhatt has of beingfluent in two languages. She repeats tongue and uses the image ofhaving two tongues in your mouth to try to convey the difficulty ofit t o the reader. The next part of the poem explains how when she isasleep she dreams in her mother tongue, it is the middle of the poemand the vegetable marrow of the conflict she is experiencing as she feels she isnot content with either language and worries she may lose her IndianIdentity by taking on the second language as she is stuck betweencultures. In line 12 the mother tongue seems to take on physical

Impact of the Government’s Spending Review on the Construction Industry

Impact of the Governments Spending Review on the Construction IndustryThe impact of the Governments Review on the complex body part constancy has had different reactions. Edwards (2010)7 points out that 20 bn of capital spending will be cut between now and 2014/15. The impact will be foul on government departments and local authority budgets. But further details published by the HM Treasury (2010)3 indicate that the government intends to increase enlighten capital spending by 2.3 bn up to 2014/15, relative to the June 2010 Budget predictions. Currently the Government spends approximately 50 bn on capital projects.It appears that the Government is counsellingsing on those projects with the highest economic value. Education along with health and infrastructure are areas that the government has chosen to focus on (Anon, 2010)8. This article also quotes Graham Watts, master(prenominal) Executive of Construction Industry Council who states that social housing is the worry, bu t investment in schools, carbon reduction and transport infrastructure plus the Green investiture Bank are positive. The Spending Review of 2010, has reduced the funding for Social Housing from 8.4 bn to 4.4 bn (HM Treasury, 2010)3 This will be a severe blow to those twist companies who specialised in having contracts with social housing customers, such as, local councils and housing associations, according to Light (2010)9.Keynesian Theory and the UK Economy The UK economy has endured six sequentially quarters of negative growth, resulting in one of the most prolonged recessions in modern times (2008/09). Since the beginning of 2010 the economy has sh aver some positive signs of recovery.Two schools of design have emerged from this rece... ...ble to the Miller Group will therefore be further restricted. The Group does recognise this constraint and as a result the company continues to focus on cash generation and cost controls (Miller Group Interim Report)13. The cost contro l factors according to Keynesian Theory will mean the company is responding to its own difficulties and will start hoarding money to, like the consumer and this will further impact the circular flow of money in the economy. SummaryThis paper has provided an overview of the UKs Spending Review of 2010 and its potential impact on the macroeconomic picture of the UK. Particular emphasis has been given to the relevance of the Spending Review on the construction industry and its impact on a construction company. Furthermore the paper attempts to relate some aspects of the Keynesian Theory to the current UK economic situation.

Impact of the Government’s Spending Review on the Construction Industry

Impact of the Governments Spending Review on the Construction IndustryThe strike of the Governments Review on the construction industry has had different reactions. Edwards (2010)7 points out that 20 bn of capital spending will be cut between now and 2014/15. The impact will be severe on government departments and local authority budgets. But further details published by the HM exchequer (2010)3 indicate that the government intends to increase net capital spending by 2.3 bn up to 2014/15, relative to the June 2010 Budget predictions. Currently the Government spends approximately 50 bn on capital projects.It appears that the Government is focussing on those projects with the highest economic value. Education along with health and infrastructure are areas that the government has chosen to focus on (Anon, 2010)8. This article also quotes Graham Watts, Chief Executive of Construction Industry Council who states that social housing is the worry, but investment in schools, carbon r eduction and transfer of training infrastructure plus the Green Investment Bank are positive. The Spending Review of 2010, has reduced the funding for Social Housing from 8.4 bn to 4.4 bn (HM Treasury, 2010)3 This will be a severe blow to those construction companies who specialised in having contracts with social housing customers, such as, local councils and housing associations, according to Light (2010)9.Keynesian system and the UK Economy The UK scrimping has endured six consecutive quarters of negative growth, resulting in one of the most prolonged recessions in modern times (2008/09). Since the beginning of 2010 the economy has shown some positive signs of recovery.Two schools of thought have emerged from this rece... ...ble to the Miller Group will therefore be further restricted. The Group does recognise this constraint and as a result the company continues to focus on cash generation and cost controls (Miller Group Interim Report)13. The cost control factors accord ing to Keynesian supposition will mean the company is responding to its own difficulties and will start hoarding cash to, like the consumer and this will further impact the circular flow of money in the economy. SummaryThis paper has provided an overview of the UKs Spending Review of 2010 and its potential impact on the macroeconomic picture of the UK. Particular emphasis has been given to the relevancy of the Spending Review on the construction industry and its impact on a construction company. Furthermore the paper attempts to relate some aspects of the Keynesian supposition to the current UK economic situation.

Indian Literature Essay

INTRODUCTIONIndian Literature, publications in the languages of India, as well as those of Pakistan. For information on the literature compose in the classicial language,Sanskrit,.The Indian literary usage is primarily peerless of verse and is also essentially oral. The earliest plant were composed to be sung or recited and were so transmitted for many generations before universe written down. As a result, the earliest records of a text edition whitethorn be later by several centuries than the conjectured date of its composition. Furthermore, perhaps because so much Indian literature is either religious or a reworking of familiar stories from the Sanskrit epics, the Ramayana and the Mahabharata, and the mythological writings known as Puranas, the authors often re of import anonymous. Biographical details of the lives of most of the earlier Indian writers exist only in much later stories and legends, so that any history of Indian literature is bound to raise more questions than it answers. Often, much less is known intimately an Indian poet who died in the early 19th century than of the English medieval poet Geoffrey Chaucer or of the Latin poet Virgil.IILINGUISTIC AND CULTURAL INFLUENCESMuch traditional Indian literature is derived in theme and form not only from Sanskrit literature exactly from the Buddhist and Jain texts written in the Pali language and the other Prakrits (medieval dialects of Sanskrit). This applies to literature in the Dravidian languages of the south as well as to literature in the Indo-Iranian languages of the north. Successive invasions of Iranians and Turks, beginning in the 14th century, resulted by rough 1700 in most of India being governed by Muslim rulers. The influence of Persian and Islamic deliriumure is strongest in literature written in Urdu, although burning(prenominal) Islamic strands can be give in other literatures as well, especially those written in Bengali (Bangla), Gujarati, and Kashmiri. After 1817, when t he British controlled nearly all of India, entirely new literary set were established that remain dominant today.IIITHE TAMIL TRADITIONThe only Indian writings that incontestably pre-date the influence of classical Sanskrit are those in the Tamil language. Anthologies of secular lyrics on the themes of fill out and war, together with the grammatical-stylistic work Tolkappiyam (Old Composition), were once thought to be very ancient they are now believed to date no earlier than from about the 1st to the 5th century ad. Later, between the 6th and 9th centuries, Tamil sectarian devotional poems were composed, often claimed as the first examples of the Indian bhakti tradition (see below). At more or less indeterminate date between the 2nd and 5th centuries, two long Tamil verse romances (sometimes called epics) were written Cilappatikaram (The Jewelled Anklet) by Ilanko Atikal, which has been translated into English (1939 and 1965) and its sequel Manimekalai (The waistband of Gems), a Buddhist work by Cattanar.IVMEDIEVAL Indian LITERATUREThe first true works of literature in most of the main indigenous Indian languages tend to date from about 1200. Before then, any work of literature would have been composed in the literary languages Sanskrit or one of the Prakrits in the north or Tamil in the Dravidian south.ASanskrit Epic InfluenceIn this early period, which ended in about 1500, the main literary productions in all the languages of India were versions of stories from the Sanskrit epics and the Puranas. Many of the vernacular treatments of the Ramayana, Mahabharata, and Bhagavata-Purana, well known to educated Indian readers even today, were written during this period. For example, the first true Malayalam work, which is a version of the Ramayana, dates from about the 13th century.BOther ThemesOther themes were also treated in medieval Indian literature. The earliest works in many of the languages were sectarian,designed to advance or tocelebrate some unorthod ox regional belief. Examples are the Caryapadas, Tantric verses of the 12th century that are the earliest surviving works in Bengali, and the Lilacaritra (c. 1280), a Marathi prose written report of the words and deeds of the founder of the Mahanubhava sect. In Kannada (Kanarese) from the 10th century, and later in Gujarati from the 13th century, the first truly indigenous works are Jain romances ostensibly the lives of Jain saints, these are actually popular tales based on Sanskrit and Pali themes. Tales besides these sectarian works were composed examples in Rajasthani are bardic tales of chivalry and howling(a) resistance to the first Muslim invasionssuch as the 12th-century epic poem Prithiraja-raso by Chand Bardai of Lahore.Popular stories and ballads were also composed, such as those of East Bengal. Later important religious literatures developed that were associated with certain regional philosophies and sects texts in Tamil from the 13th to the fifteenth century devoted t o the medieval Hindoo Shaiva-siddhanta sect the works of the Lingayats (a Hindu sect devoted to the worship of Shiva) in Kannada, especially the vacanas, or sayings, of Basava, the mid-12th-century founder of the sect, and his disciples and the Tantric texts, especially those from north-east India, which developed later into genres such as the mangala-kavya (poetry of an promising happening) of Bengal.This verse was addressed to deities such as Manasa (a snake goddess), purely local forms of the female divine principle called Devi . Most important of all for later Indian literature were the first traces in the vernacular languages of the northern Indian cults of Krishna and of Rama. The Krishna story developed in Sanskrit from the Mahabharata through the Bhagavata-Purana, to the 12th-century poem by Jaydev, called the Gitagovinda (The Cowherds Song) but in about 1400, a group of religious love poems written in Maithili (eastern Hindi of Bihar) by the poet Vidyapati were a seminal influence on the cult of Radha-Krishna in Bengal and the whole religio-erotic literature associated with it.CThe Bhakti TraditionThe full flowering of the Radha-Krishna cult, under the Hindu mystics Caitanya in Bengal and Vallabhacharya at Mathura, involved bhakti. The word bhakti implies a personal devotion to a god far different from the rituals of Brahmanisman intense longing comparable to the desire of lovers or of achild separated from his or her mother. Indeed, bhakti may be conceived of in terms of all forms of human love. Although earlier traces of this attitude are found in the work of the Tamil Alvars (mystics who wrote ecstatic hymns to Vishnu between the seventh and 10th centuries), the enthusiasms of the Sufi mystics of Islam probably produced the surge of bhakti that flooded every channel of Indian intellectual and religious bread and butter beginning in the late 15th century. The sentiment was the same, but the recipient varied by region.Beside the writings of the de votees of Radha-Krishna, bhakti was addressed to Rama (an avatar of Vishnu), most notably in the Avadhi (eastern Hindi) works of Tulsi Das his Ramcaritmanas (Lake of the Acts of Rama, 1574-1577 trans. 1952) has become the authoritative, repeatedly recited version of the Ramayana for the whole Hindi-speaking north. The early gurus, or founders of the Sikh religion, especially Nanak and Arjun, wrote bhakti hymns to their concepts of deity. These are the first written documents in Punjabi (Panjabi) and form part of the Adi Granth (First, or Original, Book), the sacred book of account of the Sikhs, which was first compiled by Arjun in 1604. In the 16th century, in other regions, bhakti was directed to other forms of divinity. For example, the Rajasthani princess and poet Mira Bai addressed her lyric verse to Krishna, as did the Gujarati poet Narsimh Mehta.VINDIAN LITERATURE OF THE MIDDLE PERIODIn the literature from about 1500 to 1800, the stream of reworkings of the traditional Sanskr it epics continued unabated, while at the same time the use of Urdu and of Persian literary forms arose.ATraditional MaterialIn the 16th century, Jagannath Das wrote an Oriya version of the Bhagavata and Tuncattu Eruttacchan, the so-called father of Malayalam literature, wrote recensions of traditional literature. To these were added, particularly in the eighteenth century, a deliberate imitation of Sanskritic forms and metres in addition to a highly Sanskritic vocabulary by pandita, or learned poets, or by court poets analogous those of the Telugu-speaking kingdom of Vijaynagar. Historical events were recounted in 18th-century Assamese and Marathi prose chronicles, ballads, and folk caper involving much dance andsong.BUrdu LiteratureDuring this period, Indian literature was also written in Urdu, a new language. Urdu, spoken in the Delhi region, is similar to Hindi and contains many words from Arabic and Persian. The Urdu poets almost always wrote in Persian forms, using the ghaza l for love poetry in addition to an Islamic form of bhakti, the masnavi for narrative verse, and the marsiya for elegies. Writing in Urdu began first in the Islamic kingdoms of the Deccan, where literary experiment was apparently easier and the prestige of the orthodox literary language, Persian, was less strong it culminated there in the lyrics of Wali. Urdu then gained use as a literary language in Delhi and Lucknow. The ghazals of Mir and Ghalib mark the highest execution of Urdu lyric verse. The Urdu poets were mostly sophisticated, urban artists, but some adopted the idiom of folk poetry, and this is typical of the verse written in Punjabi, Pushtu, Sindhi, or other regional languages.Poets such as Ghalib, for example, lived and worked during the British era, when a literary revolution occurred in all the Indian languages as a result of contact with Western thought, when the create press was introduced (by Christian missionaries), and when the influence of Western educational institutions was strong. During the mid-19th century in the great ports of Bombay, Calcutta, and Madras, a prose literary tradition aroseencompassing the novel, short story, essay, and literary drama (this last incorporating both classical Sanskrit and Western models)that gradually engulfed the customary Indian verse genres.The northern heartland of Delhi and Uttar Pradesh was the last to be affected by this new tradition and because Muslims for the most part did not take advantage of the new education, Urdu writing preserved much of its integrity. Urdu poets remained faithful to the old forms and metres while Bengalis were imitating such English poets as Percy Bysshe Shelley in the 1840s or T. S. Eliot in the 1940s.GhalibThe celebrated Urdu poet Ghalib has often been termed a light tower in the Urdu literature. The Punjabi government established a Ghalib literary salute in his memory, in 1998.DinodiaDuring the last 150 years many writers have contributed to the development of mode rn Indian literature, writing in any of 15 major languages (including, of course, English). In the process of Westernization, Bengali has led the way and today has one of the most extensive literatures of any Indian language. One of its greatest representatives is Rabindranath Tagore, the first Indian to win the Nobel Prize for Literature (1913). Much of his prose and verse is available in his own English translations.Anita DesaiIn her colourful novels and short stories portraying life in India, author Anita Desai describes the aspirations and struggles of ordinary people in her homeland. She published her first novel, Cry, the Peacock, in 1963.Globe Photos, Inc.Work by two other great 20th-century Indian leadership and writers is also widely known through translation the verse of the Islamic leader and philosopher Sir Muhammad Iqbal, originally written in Urdu and Persian and the autobiography of Mohandas K. Gandhi, My Experiments with Truth, originally written in Gujarati betwee n 1927 and 1929 and now considered a classic. Although the bulk of later 20th-century Indian writing remains untranslated, several writers working in English are comparatively well known to the West. They include Mulk Raj Anand, among whose many works the early affectionate Untouchable (1935) and Coolie (1936) are novels of social protest and R. K. Narayan, writer of novels and tales of village life in southern India.The first of Narayans many works, Swami and Friends, appeared in 1935 among his more recent titles are The English Teacher (1980), The Vendor of Sweets (1983), and Under the Banyan manoeuvre (1985). Among the younger authors writing of modern India with nostalgia for the past is Anita Desaias in Clear Light of Day (1980). Her In Custody (1984) is the story of a teachers fatal enchantment with poetry. Ved Mehta, although long resident in the United States, recalls his Indian roots in a series of memoirs of his family and of his education at schools for the blind in Indi a and America among these works are Vedi (1982) and Sound Shadows of the New World (1986).

Mother Nature Knows Better in Chemistry Essay

Each and every one of us has a accountability to protect our environment. Being thinking creations, we cede all that it takes to keep our surroundings free from ab delectation and misuse. All we truly essential is to know what we do refine and which actions we do wrongly to help lessen the effects of modernism to our planet. The history of life on earth has been a history of interaction between spiritedness things and their surroundings (Carson 420). M new(prenominal) Nature is wise.Although all creatures give up been given the proper habitats and basic needs to live, earth also provided organisms that would limit each species reproduction so that a healthy balance is acquired. This equilibrium has given peace on earth until military man had learned to use his mind to alter his environment. The want for a better and comfortable life has always been mans weakness. This has been the reason why history shows that different cultures have tried to communicate the best of other w orlds into their own lands. Plants and animals have been imported by different countries to adapt these creatures to another cultures different needs.However, this has destroyed the balance that nature had intended and has resulted to veto effects such as the transportation of un indispensable microorganisms. Carson explains that each organism has counter creatures and aspects in its natural habitat that limit its population to the number that is needed to balance the environment it belongs to. Whenever an organism is transported to another daub, there is no guarantee that the new habitat lead be able to control its population. This, therefore, can grow a threat to its new environment in the form of pests or even up epidemics.Another reason for imbalance is the farming system that has been developed. When more than the blueprint quantity of crops ar planted in just one place, the insects that are attracted to these also grow in abundance. Therefore, upsetting the natural bal ance of the environment causes problems like pestilence. Urban lifestyle has also contributed to the problems of insect infestation. In some countries, the natural habitat has been interrupted by the build up of too many houses (and slums) in just a particular piece of land.Irresponsible disposal of garbage and unhealthy habits also give rise to the problem of mosquitoes and other pests. Dichloro-Diphenyl-Trichloroethane (DDT) has been the first synthetic substance pesticide that was ever invented to control infestation. Carson believes that this chemical and the other man-made pesticides leave particles on the areas that have been treated and this harms the other parts of the environment. This has become the premise for the invention of chemicals that will counter attack the problems of insects.The term chemical is defined by the Oxford Dictionary noun a distinct compound or substance, especially one which has been artificially watchful or purified. Being man-made, it can destro y the balance of nature. Modern society has a wide inventory of many chemicals that can be harmful to the environment. or so of these such as hair sprays, cleaning aids, smoke from cigarettes and cars, etc. do not seem harmful but researcher say otherwise. DDT has even been ascribed as a factor that leads to cancer.Ronald Bailey (427), an environmental reporter, believes that DDT has been falsely accused of being a carcinogen because research cannot prove that it really does cause cancer. However, environmentalists like Rachel Carson have ignorantly used this premise to increase awareness for our planet. Whether or not DDT is a carcinogen, it is just one of the synthetic materials that have come to govern human living. Thousands of other inventions using chemicals have brought forth many problems that are not just harmful but also irreversible.Global warming, based on Encyclopaedia Britannica, is an increase in global average surface temperature resulting from an increase in the a mount of carbon dioxide (caused by natural emissions of plants and combustion from carbon-containing materials), methane (produced industrially by the destructive distillation of bituminous coal in the manufacture of coal gas), and certain other trace gases in the atmosphere. Industrial emissions and smoke belching automobiles are being blamed for this phenomenon. This has caused a lot of controversy because it means that the earth is becoming too warm for human existence.However, according to climate scientists, human activities have very detailed effect on the climate, compared to many other factors, from volcanoes to clouds. (Sowell) Global warming is just an issue being used by other scientists to get grants for their studies. These researchers claim that with or without mans inventions, nature has its own causes of global temperature changes. The truth in the many arguments about what civilization has done to the environment is sticky to decipher for common students.However, whether or not pesticides are carcinogens and even if global-warming is a doubtful issue, our environment is a very important place that all mustiness protect from abuse and misuse. Pesticides may not be immediately fatal for humans but to comply with universal laws, there is a need to use these in moderation. Anything overdone can lead to serious consequences such as food poisoning and allergies. Industrial wastes, even if they apparently do not really affect global-warming, can still cause pollution that leads to many health issues.The earth is the only home for us human beings. It is where we get our food and fleet the air that we need to survive. It provides us with the shelter we need to protect ourselves from the harsh realities of our own habitat. We need to find ways to start ensuring the safety of our environment against mans drive to improve lives by ignoring workable negative consequences. The European nations are a model right now for environmental protection. Car com panies need to recall their older less-functional models so that these can be recycled into new products for their later models.Other electronic gadgets like personal computers and mobile telephones are also being eyed for this project. Forced to recover value from their discarded consumer goods, companies will have a strong incentive to design the toxics out of their products and to make them easier to disassemble and remanufacture (Greider 3). As students, there are many ways that we can also help protect the environment. Proper garbage disposal not only makes places look unobjectionable but also drive away the possibility of diseases that are brought by the insects that get attracted to garbage.Maintaining electrical and mechanical gadgets according to manufacturers advice also ensures that these are performing safely instead of emitting probable poisonous discharges. Reporting to authorities regarding the incidences of environmental abuse or misuse can also bring solutions to p ossible harmful situations. It is often said that the roots of environmental destruction lie in treating natural resources as free and not giving them value. (Shiva 443) Each little creature on earth serves a purpose for Mother Nature in balancing our environment.It may be hard to understand the impact of our subaltern actions but putting value to the environment can make big changes that can only be seen collectively in the future. We have our own place in this natural balance and it is our responsibility to find the ways to maintain this balance. Works Cited Carson, Rachel. The Obligation To Endure. The Informed Argument. Place Published Publisher, year. Chemical. The Oxford English Dictionary. 23 whitethorn 2007 . Global Warming. Encyclopedia Britannica.2007. Encyclopedia Britannica Online. 23 May 2007 http//www. search. eb. com/eb/article-9037044. Greider, William. Apollo Now. The Nation. 02 Jan. 2006. 23 May 2007 http//www. thenation. com/doc/20060102/greider/3. Shiva, Vandana. Values Beyond Price. The Informed Argument. Place Published Publisher, year. Sowell, Thomas. Global-Warming Swindle. National brushup Online. 15 March 2007. 23 May 2007 .

Costs and Benefits from Clinton to Bush Essay

Under the administration of former president Bill Clinton during the fiscal grade of 1999, approximately $108. 2 million was spent on border control which includes operations from criminal justice, law enforcement and actual border patrol along the cardinal U. S. -Mexico borders alone (Illegal Immigrants in U. S. /Mexico Border Counties Coalition). In fiscal year 2007 under the administration of President George Bush, approximately $7. 8 billion was desire to finance the whole border patrol operations which was roughly $1 billion more than last year (Campbell).The jump in the budget tryst from 2006 is based on the target of President Bush to add 12,000 more border patrol agents across the country. But back in 2001 and previous geezerhood during the Clinton leadership, the border control operations were merely funded with an average of about $2 billion annually (Schmitt). The outgrowth in the funding for border patrol from the Clinton finished the Bush administrations has paved the way for more patrol equipments, patrol agents and other resources necessary for securing the borders.However, the increase in both manpower and patrolling facilities and equipments has not entirely stalled dirty immigrants from crossing the borders. The reason behind this is that in January of 2000 there were approximately 7 million illegal immigrants in America according to the Center for in-migration Studies or CIS (How Many Illegal Aliens are in the U. S.? ) and almost half of immigrants after year 2000 were illegal aliens estimated at around 3.7 million (Camarota). The continued illegal immigration to the United States is proof that border patrol measures are not sufficient which apparently stands as the primary reason behind the continued increase in funding. While the benefits from these measures include the lessening of illegal immigration, the problem of illegal immigration can hardly be stopped in a brief span of time as it has been a major concern for more than a d ecade already.Works CitedCamarota, Steven A. Immigrants at Mid-Decade A Snapshot of Americas Foreign-Born Population in 2005. Center for Immigration Studies. August 9, 2008. . Campbell, Dakin. Big Payoff for Big Business on Border Security? . 2007. NewsInitiative. Org. August 9 2008. . How Many Illegal Aliens are in the U. S.? 2007. The American Resistance, August 9, 2008. . Illegal Immigrants in U. S. /Mexico Border Counties Coalition. Washington, DC U. S. /Mexico Border Counties Coalition, February 2001. Schmitt, Eric. Ambivalence Prevails in Immigration Policy. 2001. New York Times. August 9, 2008. .

Essay over Reading

Being Country by Bobbie Ann Mason Its kind of crazy how stories you read ignore bring so many mental pictures in your mind of things you poop relate to it. In Bobbie Ann Masons story, Being Country, I related very wellspring to the country style of living. I, myself, lived in a very small country town in Texas, and know plenty just identical the country people noted in Masons story. The subject I opticized a lot through out reading this was the food. There is nothing better in the whole world than good ole southern cooking.Back home in Texas I had a buddy that was a country boy, and anytime I went over to the Tapleys house for dinner I knew I was in for a treat. I can remember one night his mom came out with humungous steaks that they had just reliable from their last cattle. The juices all over the plate, the large ears of corn, the twice baked potatoes, and fresh green bean casserole had my saliva going bonkers in my mouth. I can still visualize the way the tabulate was set with the decorative valentines table cloth and the silver utensils.When I was reading about all of the different foods the induce making, it triggered my mind to go back up and remember Mrs. Tapley in the kitchen slaving over all of the dishes. When dinner time came we all huddled around the table where Mr. Tapley said grace. Im pretty sure it went a little like, We thank god for the blessing to be able to grow our own food and for the prosperous seasons he has brought us and for the future. In Gods be, Amen. After that amen, we feasted. Myself and the Tapleys filled our faces until our stomachs said no more.During this obliteration of food I dont devolve us ever saying a word, just like in Masons essay it is a given that at the dinner table it is strictly about enjoying the meal that has been placed in front of you. No talking is necessary but there are the occasional jokes popped off commonly by the head of the table. The imagery that has been placed in my head by Masons st ory has not only made me think completely upon the one experience I have explained. It makes me think about my town as a whole. The coffee shop in my town was smack plash in the middle of what Mason calls her square ours was the Brookshires enter. The coffee shop was across the street from the center of which also had our neighborhood groceries, Brookshires Grocery. Walking out of Brookshires you can always notion the Coffee shops rich fragrance of coffee bean no matter what time of the day. Recollections of my timbre dad walking out of the grocery store and saying the same thing Masons dad would say to her, I hate that smell Coffee isnt my sort of thing either, but I do however love the smell of coffee in the morning. And walking out of brookshires was always heavenly smelling the Coffee Shop.My most fond memory however was sparked when Mason st fine arts talking about her grandmother. My grandmother was a country cleaning lady and grew up in Iowa on a farm herself. My granny knot was always so conservative and would save any leftovers if possible because she grew up just like Mason says, haunted by the fear of crop failure. We ate as if we didnt know where our next meal might come from. My grandmother was exactly always scared we werent going to have enough food. When we would go to Brookshires she would always over stock the house with food.Snacks, drinks, meals, dessert, soups and just about anything you could name has probably been through my house as well. She made so many meals that were just out of ingredients she threw together, and my brother and I were always the Guinea pigs. All my grandma would do is work around the house, cook and clean just like what Mason states about her grandmother when saying she doesnt know any different. When cerebration of my grandmother I think of a kind and gentle voice so in my head whenever I read what her grandma was saying I heard a voice much similar to my grandmothers.In conclusion, Bobbie Ann Masons Bei ng Country really hit home to me. It showed me how imagery can play a big role in writing, and how it can really persuade the reader to keep reading. I now understand that the visual art must be consumed by the readers through the writers capabilities to trigger the readers mind. It is just up to the writer on whether or not they express their visual presentation well enough to the reader. Being Country definitely displayed its visual art to me by making me feel like I was back in my little Podunk town in Texas.

Explain what is meant by natural law Essay

inhering clean truth contains ethical theories which bring that there is a immanent order to our world that should be followed. A quote from Cicero, De Republica elaborates on the idea that natural law ethics is a universal and a prescriptive ethical theory, The law will not lay down single rule in Rome and another in Athens There will be one law eternal and unchangeable, binding at all times upon all people. Natural law suggests deontological and absolutist ideas although there seems to be approximately form of flexibility. The natural order, correspond to the theory, which cosmos supposedly obtain, is from some supernatural power.Natural law relies on human reason and how we interpret different situations and acting accordingly if all piece sh be this similar reasoning then we must all b are the same ethical code. The earliest date that has been tack together of a theory of natural law appeared amongst Stoics. It explains how all humans have something within that aids th em to live according to nature. Interestingly the early theories state that humans have a choice in abiding by laws but they must use their reason to understand and decide to abide or not. This differs meagerly from Thomas Aquinas view as he believes in precepts that must be abided by.Aristotles ideas can be tied with natural law, such as the 4 causes. Aristotle explains in his shit that ein truth object has a specific nature, purpose and function. It is based on the religious conviction that God created the world, creating a sand of order and purpose to reflect his will. Furthermore, he believes that every object has a supreme good, for humans that are contentment. A sowing needle can be utilise as an example of supreme purpose, its purpose is thread though materials but its supreme good is to thread though a material as effort as thinkable by being as sharp as it can be.Aristotle believes that the supreme good for humans is to flourish in hostel and to live a life of reason . This is the same reason that humans must use to guide them though decisions in their life. Also in Aristotles work he says the natural is that which everywhere is is equally valid, and depends not upon being or not being received what Aristotle means here is that natural law exists whether or not we accept it , it will always be there for eternity. St Thomas Aquinas theory of natural law was primarily influence by the flora of Aristotle and Plato.Aquinas was a Christian philosopher and theologian who developed a fuller account of the natural law. He describes natural law as a moral code existing within the purpose of nature that reflects Gods law, in a sense it is am aid to allow humans to achieve Gods given laws. Aristotles idea of purpose may have influenced him to expand on the idea. Aquinas theory of natural law differs from divine command theory as Natural law is more accessible to all and it relies on reason. Furthermore Aquinas theory evaluates both acts and attitude as it allows humans to glorify God an express what a good God is.Like Aristotle, Aquinas explains how humans aim for a purpose but unlike Aristotle who believes this is happiness, he believes all humans are made in the image of God. Therefore the supreme good must be the development of this image of God, which is perfection. This perfection, according to Aquinas was not possible to be achieved in this life but only in the next life and the purpose of morality is to allow us to fulfill our desires. A of import part of his theory Is to achieve as much good as possible and avoiding evil. He believes this because we were created for one purpose and that is perfection .Aquinas believed that there was no such thing as evil as we are all made in the image of God, therefore it is logical for Aquinas to say humans do not carry out evil but apparent goods. For example if a person commits adultery he or she believes that it is good , although this is an misapprehension of reason they have apparen tly done the right thing according to them. Aquinas theory of natural law greatly stresses the fact that our nature is cognoscible and we need to use our reason to know it and understand it. The fundamental master(a) principles of natural law are of great importance to Aquinass theory.They are always true and always apply to everyone. They are the preservation of life, continuation of species, educating children, lives in society and worshiping God, which is the most important. Although some aspects of these precepts can be debatable, masturbation is once morest the primary precept as it does not preserve life. But then one can rebuttal and say that rape would be acceptable as it preserving life. The junior-grade precepts are more flexible and realistic they are a specific application of primary precepts, such as do not murder and contend the defenseless.Such examples do not need working out the moral code as they take into account our human limitations and weaknesses, therefore they are presented as relatively straight forward. Natural law is unjust Discuss In my opinion there is no ethical theory that pleases everyone, there is bound to one or more flaws. Such theories that have been worked on very many years ago prove hard to search for answers concerning our modern world. Natural law finds it exceedingly challenging to relate to complex decisions to basic principles, for example should more money be spent helping charities or on hospitals.It leaves one stuck surrounded by two options. Abortion would be considered against the natural ethic code. Having an abortion is stopping life and limiting reproduction, against many and multiply. But putting abortion in the context of saving a life shows a different perspective. If the mother was in a situation where she would not be able to supporting a child, sure enough that would benefit instead create life that would suffer. Another topic that is disputable is contraception. Similarly with contraception it i s prohibiting new life but then again it can be for the greater good.For example protected sex prevents sexually transmitted diseases. Furthermore a weakness to natural moral law according to Aquinas is that it assumes everyone carries out good acts, I find this slightly deluded and optimistic. I find hard to believe that acts such as rape an apparent good, surely one who carries out such an action knows that this is wrong some people may want to be perceived as evil for unknown reasons. contrary societies have different natural values therefore it is hard accepting one universal law.Among the weaknesses, there are several strengths to natural law. It does give a concise, clear-cut approach to morality and establishing common rules which day to day topics can be related to. It has a fairly positive approach by mainly concentrating on the potential goodness than the wrong. Furthermore Natural law concentrates on the character of humans and there potential for goodness rather than th e right or wrong decisions on certain acts, it attempts to bring the best out of a situation, it proves to allow some degree of flexibility.It also emphasizes the fulfillment of our natures, all the things we require for happiness health, friends, the purpose of our existence and morality. Some aspects of natural law I believe to be unjust, such as abortion for the greater good. It seems to be a very optimistic ethical view, which seeks only the good in humans, but in a sense it seems to shun bad as a whole which In my opinion is unjust.

Ives True March Structure: Polytonality and Polyrhythm in His Music

Ives structure doesnt re eachy use the true march structure. It has more of a five p artwork sectional that brings vertebral column the opening march. Ives uses polytonality and polyrhythm for his music to make it seem like you are in the picture. This adds more energy and power to his pieces. One of the major achievements of the 20th century. He uses quarter tones that fiddlers play off beat. He is familiar with it and compares it to everyday American Life.He uses other music from other pieces and in his Country Band demonstrate is nothing but chaos which is done on purpose. 2. Appalachian Spring brings a quintessential sound. He makes his music very lively and colorful. Even though his music is very live and colorful, it has a soft side to it as well. He paints a beautiful picture with his music and fits with the choreography of the song. 3. The 3 untimely 20th century musical forms that were American originals were Hip-Hop, Jazz, and Pop.All 3 continued to grow throughout the 2 0th century. Hip-Hop is black urban art forms that emerged in NYC in the 70s. It encompasses rap, break dancing, and graffiti. Pop music is derived from rock and roll music. And Jazz was created by the African Americans and blended elements drawn from African music with the popular and art traditions of the West. 4. The movie I watched was the Little Mermaid. The music is an integral part of the movie.Since the movie is about an underwater kingdom, the main song in the movie is Under the Sea. there were other songs in the movie that helped make the movie a lot more entertaining to watch. There are parts in the movie where all the creatures dance to songs. I think that Disney movies are like this and that music is a crucial part of all their movies. 5. I think that the practices of sampling is the same as borrowing as long as permission and credit are given. Otherwise it would be considered plagiarism.From my own occurrences, there have been people that I eff that borrow samples o f songs to use it a remix that they make. If its for a non profit use then permission has to be given. 6. Musique concrete began in France and electronische Musik began in Germany. Musique concrete mainly pore on natural sounds recorded on magnetic tapes. Eletronische Musik created compositions using electronically generated sounds. Digital technology was the evolutions of these approaches in the 1970s with the invention of Fm synthesis.

Mrs. Dalloway Response Paper

Clarissa Dalloway, the protagonist in the novel Mrs. Dalloway, tried saturated in order to balance her midland animateness to that of the outside world. In the novel, the reader could overtake that her life is extensive of activities, that her world is full of scintillating and impressive things uniform fashion and parties that ar constantly present in high societies. However, this world does non satisfy her in the manner that she wants to be satisfied and thus she walk into that world trying to numerate beyond the superficiality of that world, in search for some deeper meanings.Clarissa constantly yearns for privacy which made her liable towards introspection thus giving her a deep faculty for emotion which is not present in the different characters in the humbug. In ill will of this, Clarissa is to a fault concerned with superficial things such as the way she discover and so she keeps herself always composed, hardly ever sharing her thoughts or feelings with anybody. She makes use of endless flow of agreeable chatter and activities in order to keep her soul out of reach thus making her attend superficial or trivial even to those people who supposedly know her well.Clarissa is also continually superimposing the former(prenominal) with the present she endeavors to reconcile herself to life in spite of her strong recollections of the past. In most part of the story Clarissa mull over aging and mortality with anxiety, even while performing life-affirming deeds. In spite of the event that she is content with what she have in life she never releases the doubts she have concerning the choices which made her life as it was in the novel (especially her choice of marrying Richard instead of Peter). Her rationale behind this choice is that life with Peter would be hard in contrast to life with the financially secure Richard.However, Clarissa is aw be that she gave up passion and love in exchange for the security life in the upper-class nightspot has t o offer. There are prison terms that she wishes she could re-live her life all over again and she particularly feel a sense of clarity and tranquility when she asseverate her neighbor through her window, and she also accepts the possibility of death. As was the case with Septimus, Clarissa ardently feels the domineering forces in life, and she settee with the notion that the life she have at the moment is all she would ever get yet in spite of this her resolve to persist still exists.Septimus Warren Smith on the other hand is a veteran of World War I. He suffered from shell shock which made him lost in his take mind which made him loathe himself for being incapacitated. At the similar time, he is also an individual who is full of guilt. Septimus doctor ordered his wife, Lucrezia to make Septimus notice and be concern of things other than himself since Septimus appears to have exclusively break loose from the outside world. Septimus has been living in a world known only to him self wherein he hears and see things which could not be seen or heard by others. In this world Septimus is able to talk with his already dead person friend, Evans. He appreciates the beauty the world has to offer however he is afraid that the people living in it do not have the ability to be honest or kind. In this regard we could see that the author of the novel means for Clarissa to assure the audience the sane truth in this world and for Septimus to tell us the insane truth. This tactic works out well in that Septimus indifference allows him to judge others more than harshly than Clarissa. The world outside Septimus world is intimidating and from his point of view it offers very little hope.At premiere glance or on a superficial level, Septimus appears to be different from Clarissa however he exemplifies many a(prenominal) a(prenominal) attributes in common with Clarissa (such as her way of thinking). In this manner one could even mistake Septimus as Clarissas double in the story. Both of them have beak noses, they both like Shakespeare, and most importantly they both fear repression.At the same time, Septimus also provides as a contrast between conscious postulate of the working class veterans and the blind affluence of the high society. His actions lead the readers to think of the legitimacy of the English society he fought for in the World War I. Since Septimus line of thinking is the same with that of Clarissa the line which seems to divide sanity with insanity becomes thinner and thinner as the story progress. Septimus decided to end his problems by committing suicide, a dramatic and tragic act which eventually helped Clarissa to accept her own choices as well as the society in which she is a part of.All throughout the novel, Clarissa, Septimus, Peter along with the other characters could be seen trying to find an release which they could use for communication and enough privacy. In the novel one could see how hard it is to balance communic ation and privacy. For example, in the novel one could see Clarissa throwing different parties left and right in an endeavor to conduct people together however she also feel swathed within her own philosophical thoughts and soul and thinks how inexplicable it is for her to exist in her room while her neighbor exists in another.Even when she rejoice in her neighbors independence she know deep down inside that it is accompanied by an unavoidable melancholy. The war has also changed the peoples notion of what English society ought to be like, and it is difficult to reconcile those who still suppose in upholding the traditional English society with those people who are looking for constant change. In spite of all the efforts put forth by the characters it remains difficult to make consequential connections in the disorganised postwar world portrayed in the novel. Finally, Clarissa views Septimus demise as a desperate albeit legitimate sample for communication.During the 19th centur y, the British Empire appears indestructible in that it was able to expand on other territories like India, Nigeria, and the like. The British Empire is one of the largest empires ever written in history. However there came a time that the English became vulnerable even on their native land. In spite of the fact that the Allies won the war, it is as though the victory is merely based on name since the extent of the injuries they received is so devastating.Due to this, the English citizens lost their faith on the empire following the war. Many people no semipermanent believe that England is still invincible and they refuse to adhere to the constraints made by the empire to them particularly since the benefits are rakes only by the selected few while all of England fought for it.In 1923, the year when this novel first appeared, the old knowledgeableness along with its set of repressive values is facing their end. English citizens, particularly the younger generations such as the nov els Clarissa, Septimus, and the like experiences the failure of the British Empire as powerfully as they do their own personal failures. Citizens who still uphold the old tradition are mostly comprised by the former(a) generation like aunt Helena and Lady Bruton. In this regard the reader could contemplate that Aunt Helenas eyeglasses was most likely used as a symbol of her unfitness to see the crumbling of the British Empire.The threat of subjugation is also one of the relevant themes in the story. In a way, Mrs. Dalloway has so many things similar to the film The Hours. First and foremost the film was largely based on the novel Mrs. Dalloway. The film and the novel both shows how people are frightened by the threat of oppression and that those who could no longer deal with the threat sees suicide as a means of escape. In the pic The Hours, the three main protagonists always contemplate the notion of suicide as a means of escape.As to the point on whether Clarissa and Septimus w ould make the same choices they made if they are part of the contemporary world, I believe the say is yes. True, things have changed a lot since the early 19th century however people still has to look at with different kind of pressures and problems. Not simply because you are living in a world completely different from before it already means that you would not be dealing with things our predecessors dealt with.Everyday we are go about with many choices and our personality and ability to cope up with all of these which determines which choice we would make. Septimus would still commit suicide if she is faced with another kind of threat in the modern world, and Clarissa would most likely still act the same way. The movie The Hours provided us with a modern day Clarissa and she is very similar to Mrs. Dalloways Clarissa, thus I believe that it is your own personality, the way you handle and view things which is more important.No matter what kind of world you are put in you would s till face many obstacles albeit on different guise, thus if you are shaky you are likely to make the same choice regardless of your environment. For Clarissa (in novel and in film alike), in spite of the appeal of suicide, she still choose to fight the battle which is called live and that is primarily the reason wherefore she did not choose to escape by means of suicide.ReferenceWoold V. (1990). Mrs. Dalloway Harvest Books 1st Harvest/HBJ edition.

Henry James referred to TTOTS as a potboiler Essay

Henry crowd referred to TTOTS as a potboiler. In light of this comment, explore the establishment of a simple locomote account in the prologue and first five chapters.Henry James stated that TTOTS was a potboiler, meant only to be perceive as a simple ghost narrative which in the Victorian era was how it was origin wholey accepted. all the same a more modern auditory modality ay interpret the novella as something more.Relating back to the topic of a simple ghost story, the novella lift outs with a typical ghost story setting The story had held us, daily round the discharge emphasised by the description of the ho office world gruesome and it being Christmas Eve intercommunicate us that it is night time. All are contributing factors to an compositionl ghost story and all of these points egress to build the tension and suspense up already within the first few lines. Held us, round the fire tells us how they are clinging to this materialistic substance for comfort and war mth, typical connotations of fire.Use of language much(prenominal) as dreadful and terror increases this sense of a greater impending ghost story that of which we hear astir(predicate) the Governess. Moreover this sets the mood and creates the atmosphere for the audience to full appreciate the horror of this ghost story. In addition, the idea of them telling ghost stories gives us an immediate impression that there is a ghost story awaiting the audience. The use of more dramatic language such as for sheer terror? and for dreadful dreadfulness start the steep incline of suspense and tension we will feel throughout the story.The idea of authenticity throughout this novella is key for the audience to focus on. To increase this idea of the story being real, James uses a framed narrative to draw the reader in to believe that the tale is true. Overall the story could copy without the prologue but with it, the audience is a lot more likely to proceed through the book with an idea or r eality. The main character in the prologue, Douglas, tells the unnamed narrator and the rest of the group of a ghost story much worse than any that have been t sexagenarian.If the child gives the effect of another turn of the screw, what do you say to two children ? Obviously hinting that his tale contains two children, increasing the horror the audience are presently sure that they are reading a simple ghost story. However this idea can be argued as we continue throughout the prologue and the first chapter. We learn that active the Governess, moreover, we learn Douglas opinion of her. Is in old faded ink and in the most beautiful hand. From this we can interpret that Douglas may be fond or possibly in love with the Governess making his opinion biased thus victorious away from the reliability of the story.The use of characters in the prologue almost acts as a metaphor for the reader. Everybody will lodge and I will and I will could be used to represent how James wants the rea der to pit to reading the actual ghost story.Straight away in the first chapter we learn about how the governess suffered a succession of flights and drops. Already we start to suspect the volatility of her and the reliability of her tale which obviously argues against the idea of it being a simple ghost story and starts to lay down the foundation for the idea that there may be undercurrents of something more suspect. However her description of Bly is incredibly positive. A lovely day, summer dessert and a friendly surprise are all used in one sentence and all are incredibly optimistic, giving us the idea that the governess is a very positive person.However she does expect to be very hyperbolic, describing the first child, Flora, as one of Raphaels divine infants. Obviously this is taking it to extremes, which hints that this talent not be the only thing that she is exaggerating throughout the novella. Towards the end of chapter one, she describes parts of the house with langua ge such as empty chambers, dull corridors and crooked staircase al of which are very shun descriptions, however she immediately starts to describe the house as a castle of romance and something from a story book. Moreover, as she is peppering her negative quotes with positive and vice versa massively showing her incredible volatility. This is a study idea that the rest of the story may be exaggerated or maybe not even out true. This could also foreshadow her ainity later on into the novella.Throughout the chapters the language of Mrs Grose becomes increasingly questionable. As an audience we are constantly told that she is simple-minded however she sees to know a lot more than she is letting on. argon you afraid hell corrupt you? This is odd as she is talking about Miles, a ten course of study old boy. This make the audience think, how can a young child corrupt a fully grown woman? Leading us on to thin she may be talking about somebody else.As we progress through the story we learn about the Governesss sexual licking toward the higher-up. Accompanying this idea is that she sees the apparition of Peter Quint upon the tower. This is could imply that she is projecting her sexual frustration onto an conceptional figure as a release to wanting to see the master. A charming story perfectly to meet someone and later He did stand there She only sees this figure stood there when she is imagining the master, a suspicious idea that the reader may look into. The man who met my eyes was not the person I precipitately supposed. This quote backs up my previous point of the projecting this idea of meeting the master on her walks.During these first few chapters we experience a reasonable amount of ghostlike language, Raphaels holy infants, divine and he has red hair these all imply ideas of how the plot is affected by the religious aspects of the Victorian era and their views on ghosts. As they did believe in ghosts and were mainly very religious, these ideas were a ccepted avidly and only increased any emotions felt within the Victorian reader as they progressed through the story.Overall, my personal views are that there are underlying psychological ideas in TTOTS and that although it can be read as a straight ghost story, to fully appreciate the novella the reader must delve deeper and guess any obvious ideas that suggest more than just a typical ghost story. James uses a variety of techniques which make his characters seem a lot more emotional deeper than just a person who is afraid in a big house. However the idea of authenticity throughout does back up the point of it being a straight ghost story. I do believe that it is a woolly reader and can be open to a variety of interpretations.

What is Scapegoating?

Scapegoat has been going on for centuries, plenty blaming others for their misfortunes even though the unmatcheds that are organism punished ad nothing to with it at all. The best populaten example of scapegoat are the Nazis, who demonic the Jewish people for Germanys economic problems and along with many other difficulties that hit Germany post-World War l. The Nazis accused the Jews of world part of a hypothetical conspiracy against Germany and in which cause the death Of over 6 one thousand million innocent people.There have been o theories that explain scapegoat which are, thwarting- assault-displacement and ideological theories of scapegoat. The frustration-aggression-displacement guess is based on the frustration hero of aggression, meaning frustration causes aggression but if that aggression cant be emitted to the main sources then that persons aggression leave be displaced toward an easier target.An example, a woman is becoming frustrated because she is being yelled at by her manager, but pull up stakes not act aggressively with the fear of losing her job the women will leave motion to go home and where she will displace that aggression toward the Innocent target which in case will be her child. The child is innocent third party and becomes the replacement for her manger. The frustration-aggression- displacement scheme was the first theory of scapegoat but even with 60 years of research it still lacks substantial support for it to be true.There was a study done by Carl Havilland and Robert Sear, about the relation of the economic conditions in the 1 asss and the nauseate crime of lynching African Americans people. The researchers wanted to prove that white people were using the African Americans as scapegoat when the economic conditions declined but Donald and colleagues later found with modern statistical tools that the link couldnt truly exist. gum olibanum this theory cannot explain why some outgrows are chosen to be scapegoats and othe rs arent. The ideological theory is the one that will explain why outgrows are chosen to be the scapegoats.The ideological will provide a scapegoat that explains the dilemmas, the people will use this ideology to satisfy the need to understand the reasons for their shortage. The ingrown will make themselves feel bump by picking out a common outgrip to compare with and know where to direct the blame. The scapegoats have little power since the ingrown knows he outgrip wont resist, they already disliked the chemical group, may too be chosen because Of their noticeable features or have well-known stereotypes which makes them standout and can be seen as a threat to society.The example of a current scapegoat can be the illegal immigrates, since they have no papers that makes them a citizen people will use them for cheap labor but will alike blame them for united states economic troubles and say that their the reason that we are becoming over populated. Describe the relation personne l casualty theory of preconceived opinion. How is carnal knowledge deprivation a source of dissatisfaction and resentment and how can this lead to hurt? Also, how can feelings of relative gratification lead to prejudice?The main meaning of relative deprivation theory is people analyse their lives or possessions to others and beginning to feel deprived relative of things they used before or seen other with and believe the people dont deserve those resources. There are two types of relative deprivation theory. The in-person relative deprivation means a person is feeling deprived of as an individual and the group relative deprivation is the person is feeling that their group is being deprived of benefits or of experiences. The group relative deprivation is the type that is connected to prejudice.People become dissatisfied with their lifestyle and envious Of those with a more charitable way of living, making them believing they are the ones who truly deserve it and will start to resent that occurrence group for obtaining that lifestyle. A study was conducted by Reeve Vanessa and Thomas Pettier that had data of white people that felt group deprived. The result showed that 54% aid they were group relative deprivation expressed contradict arrogances towards African American compared to the 42% that were low in group relative deprivation and showed no connectedness to prejudice.The opposite of relative deprivation is relative gratification, which is when a people is feeling they are getting better than what they really deserve. The study done by Grammar and Edwards proved that relative gratification can lead to prejudice by asking people if they think in the future their economic situations can either turn down (relative deprivation), or become better (relative gratification), r will it stay the same. They found that both economic futures that changed were too willing to endorse political violence.The same Study was constructed by Gumming and Dammars but t hey added ethic prejudice to be the dependent variable and found that both groups that experienced relative gratification and relative deprivation were more prejudice than the controlled group. The feelings of relative gratification can lead to prejudice by people comparing themselves to the outgrip and having negative beliefs of how the outgrip became more successful.

Ibm Marketing Mix (Denmark)

change Foundations and applications Course code BMAN-20390 Marketing analysis of IBM 1. 0 Thesis statement Evaluate the merchandise outline of a blue-chip accompany you argon familiar with. Your evaluation should critically discuss the concept of the merchandise mix as applied to your chosen organisation and at least one different schoolman selling theory. 2. 0 Limitations IBM is a very large organization so the planning process of a trade system that is coherent with the corporate strategy is made complicated and difficult because IBM operates in a number of significantly different markets.I have therefore since I am an employee of IBM Denmark decided that this is the strategic tune unit that I am going to analyze in terms of their market strategy. Furthermore the portfolio of products that IBM Denmark supplies ranges from everything to hardware sales, software sales and consultancy usefulnesss. There might be a significant difference in the guidance these produc ts are promoted, and I have therefore narrowed it further down to focus on the third activities, import the merchandising strategy of the consultancy redevelopments (in IBM known as GBS Global Business Services).This limitation is well-provided because it al busteds me to properly analyze the marketing strategy in this given area as opposed to make an analysis ground upon IBM as a whole with their entire portfolio of products, as this would not be fulfilling in a 2500 word essay. 3. 0 Preface IBM mission statement At IBM, we strive to lead in the invention, development, and manufacture of the industrys around mature information technologies, including computer systems, software, storage systems, and microelectronics.We translate these advanced technologies into value for our customers finished and through our professional solutions, services, and consulting line of reasoninges ballwide. From the mission statement higher up we can cerebrate that IBM wants to be a leader on the blue-chip market which we in terms of their size can conclude they are close to macrocosm. In the following essay the reader forget be introduced to the marketing strategy of IBM. Furthermore the reader will be introduced to a pulverisation analysis, in which it will be discussed and conclude which strategic position IBM has on the current market.In regards to the limitation above this will be an analysis based upon IBMs services provision in Denmark. The reader will find out that the classical approach with the 4ps of marketing doesnt really apply to this part of the business that IBM conducts. Instead an additional three Ps has been added, and these will be discussed as well. SWOT Analysis One of the trustiest tools in business is the SWOT analysis. Corporations takes a calm, serene spirit down at the organisations Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities and Threats.Then they seek to capitalise on the strengths, eliminate the weaknesses, seize the better opportuniti es and counter the threats. Figure 4. 1 is a SWOT analysis of the global business services for IBM, and the turn back result of this analysis should help us to give a clear view of IBMs strategic position on the market, which we then can use to discuss their marketing strategy. Figure 4. 1 IBM DK GBS SWOT Strengths IBM Denmark has been on the danish pastry market since 1950 which leaves them with a significant amount of experience of the market.The wide range of their strategic competencies runs from everything from hardware-sales to business consultancy, the latter being one of their profitable areas of expertise. Furthermore IBM DK has a leading position on the Danish services market, being one of the biggest consultancy houses in the country. It is the combination of its size and experience on the market that leaves them to be one of the preferred business partners in Denmark and in the rest of the world. IBM Denmark like just about companies believes it is infallible to hav e a talented workforce.IBM is present at local universities promoting themselves with the purpose of future recruitment. Through this initiatory they attract the students they believe is prospects as future IBM leaders, and sign them off before their competitors. Furthermore IBM is extremely flexible, meaning that leaders across country borders are stationed in different parts of the world. A lot of IBM DKs blow over leaders are individuals who have a history with IBM, but only in a different SBU. Weaknesses Being located in Denmark one is urged to believe that it is inevitable to have postgraduate operating apostrophizes, curiously labour cost.Denmark does have one of the highest salary rates in the world. And with a personnel count of most 5. 000 tribe this results in big money. Opportunities With the increased focus on the surround in recent days IBM must be innovative and continue to lead the market by supplying greener solutions to their customers. A growth body of ev idence asserts that corporations can do well, by doing good. IBM must differentiate their brand and reputation as well as their products and services, by taking state for the wellbeing of the societies and environments in which they operate.Practicing corporate social responsibility can generate significant returns to their business. Furthermore if IBM could reduce their operating costs, then it would also be mathematical to reduce their prices, without compromising with the quality of their products. IBM has already taken initiatives to reduce their labour costs. Danish consultants requires a high salary rate, which is wherefore IBM DK wherever possible tries to limit the amount of these consultants. Instead they will bring consultants from India and other low cost countries to Denmark and assign them to the project that is to be executed.This allows them to sell the service for a more private-enterprise(a) price. It has been discussed if IBM should completely shut down its loc ations in the EU, and outsource the entire European operations to low cost countries nevertheless I personally believe that this would be compromising the quality of the service provided as it certainly must be necessary to have people with local market knowledge assisting on the projects. Threats As the world continues to get smaller, IBM like other big corporations faces the challenge of outsourcing.Especially IBM Denmark is threatened by outsourcing, as Denmark has the highest assess rate in the world, which will force IBM to have higher prices, than what is offered abroad leaving them more vulnerable to the threat of outsourcing. Furthermore the introduction of changes in various services are not patentable (reference http//www. mgutheses. org/page/? q=T%200984&search=&page=&rad=43, page 32), meaning that the innovativeness of a company like IBM can easily be adopted by newcomers to the market.Also, as a service is not a manufactured product, but really a transactio n of knowledge it is hard to imagine that it is capital intensive to enter the service industry. Marketing mix The marketing mix is an imperative concept in modern marketing and academically it is referred to as a set of controllable tools that the firm blends to produce the response it wants in the target market, so it consists of everything the firm can do to influence the demand for its products (Kotler and Armstrong 2004).The easiest focusing to realise the main aspects of marketing is through the famous 4Ps marketing, which was introduced and suggested by McCarthy in 1960 (reference http//university-essays. tripod. com/marketing_mix. html). It embroils marketing strategies of product, price, placement and promotion. It is however interesting if this also applies to a company that sells services and not a material product. Given the comical and distinguishing features of the service industry, researchers have offered different models and approaches to the marketing of serv ices.It is suggested that services marketing does not only include outside(a) marketing reaching the customers, but also an immanent marketing strategy to motivate the employees (reference A service quality model and its implications, Christian Gronross, vol 18, No. 4, 1984, pp. 36-44). Figure 2 The triangle model of services marketing Company Internal MarketingExternal Marketing Employees Customers Interactive Marketing As stated above the internal marketing is for the company to motivate their employees to serve its customers in the best possible way.External marketing is when the company makes its service easy to its customers to increase the demand. The interactive marketing involves to the effort of employees to win customers loyalty in the process of their interaction with the customers in delivering the services. This must be closely related to internal marketing. In IBM DK, the consultants and salespeople are paid partly in a fixed salary scheme and a variable scheme dep ending on their results. Furthermore these analogous IBM representatives will receive an annual bonus, if IBM on the given project has reached a certain percentage of profit.These incentives through salaries and bonuses can be associated to what we clarify as internal marketing. For the external marketing side the traditional marketing mix as we know them through the 4ps can also be applied on services marketing as they are applied on tangible goods. But it is discussed to be difficult. Which is why for services marketing, a modified marketing mix has been developed. The services marketing mix comprises 7ps and these include the following * Product * Price * Place * Promotion * People * Process * Physical evidenceIt is important to look closer at some of these Ps, which will be done in the following. Product The most important question to be asked here is are these the right products or services for our customers today? IBM continues to be the leading innovator on the market, spen ding billions of dollars every year in their research centers providing their customers with the newest technologies and always fashioning sure that the quality of the products is of IBMs usual reputed quality. Price As anyone can imagine the price of the service provided is necessary for whether or not IBM wins the customer over.As soon as the appropriate experts has analyzed the pre project resources that is to be filled for the project he informs the pricing department. The pricer then based on these assumptions, inflation, currency differences, management want PTI % (pre tax income), and our cost eccentric calculated a price that is then been presented to the customer. Promotion When promoting their services IBM start make rational decions on which businesses to approach. Then they divide their promotion into how big the markets are, e. g a department could be small and medium business. Within a specific constituency market, IBM first identifies which businesses make the most sense to connect with. Then, the IBM determines the most efficient way to reach each of them. whether through individualized marketing or a creative combination of IBMs go-to-market strategies IBM also enters the business community through professional associations and organizations. much(prenominal) groups generate interest in IBM and may even help IBM identify new business partners. By sponsoring and participating with them, IBM is able to communicate its message of value to the member businesses.Furthermore IBM through their marketing incentives has adopted a more emotional approach in the way they promote themselves. Rai Cockfield VP Market development states that all people prior to purchase asks the following Does this product or service meet my require? Is the company good? And is the price reasonable? Today, he adds a more pressing question, Are you reaching me in the way that I see myself? Thats what endears a person to a company and a product, he says. (reference http//www-03. ibm. com/employment/us/diverse/50/ads. html. ) People An important ingredient to any service provision, is as we have discussed above having qualified personnel. Recruiting the right staff and people and training them appropriately in the delivery of services is essential if IBM wants to continue having their competitive advantage. Providing a service is partly the quality of the service and the quality of the people that delivers it, as these are in constant contact with the customer. As mentioned above, IBM has had university partnerships in order to recruit students. ProcessWhen selling their services IBM has two processes. Either the customer comes to IBM looking for an offer on a service they need provided. IBM then sends the appropriate people to analyse the resources that are needed to provide this service. An offer is then presented to the customer. A different process is when we have existing customers, the client manager is responsible for looking for new bu siness services that we can provide them. And then the process starts over, in regards to presenting an offer after calculating the resources we need for the project.Conclusion IBM wants to be the leader on the Danish market. And in terms of their size we can conclude that they are close to being just that. From the SWOT analysis above we saw that IBM has the needed experience and size to be one of the biggest consultancy houses in the country and in the world. Furthermore with the increasing focus on the environment IBM has the possibility to be the leading innovator for greener solutions an opportunity that they have successfully capitalized on through their go along research for more environmental solutions.However despite IBM being a big player on the Danish services market, it is important that they reduce their high operating costs. By bringing Indian and other low cost consultants into the game, they have somewhat succeeded in doing this as these have lower salary rates. In the marketing of services we have concluded that an external marketing effort is not enough for successfully promoting itself. An internal marketing strategy is also essential for obtaining success. IBM must motivate its employees as these are the focalpoint to customer, in which case it is important that they are motivated and happy.In promoting and marketing themselves IBM has also realised that they in todays world they must reach their customers on a more personal level, and not merely connect through reputation and price. Connecting with its customers on a personal level and delivering assoil quality services is what keeps IBM on top of their game and in even in rough financial times they have succeeded in being one of the top choices as business partner.References Websiteshttp//www. entrepreneur. om/marketing/article70824. htmlhttp//www. scribd. com/doc/10999474/IBM-Strategic-Analysishttp//www. simplemarketingblog. com/2009/06/sandy-carter-integrates-social-media. htmlhttp// www. itsma. com/ezine/analytics-optimize-marketing-mix/http//university-essays. tripod. com/marketing_mix. html

Protest Poetry

Protest melodys devote serious comment on the issues of their time. Discuss with detailed reference to the issues and techniques in two call options studied in class and atomic number 53 of your own choosing. Protest songs ar the product of their times. Composers utilise the medium to make alpha comment on the issues of their era in an attempt to influence viewpoints and bring back miscellany. Dear Mr chair by Pink criticises the presidency of George w bush and the issues he raised with his decisions. These issues were homosexual rights/ marriage, homelessness, poverty, war/ us. oles, womens rights and the justice system. Sun solar day bloody Sunday by U2 criticizes the unnecessary bloodshed that occurred as a pass on of the violence connected with the Irish troubles on Jan 30, 1972. skyscraper by Demi Lovado criticizes the issues of bullying, body image, and self mutilation in todays society. These songs all express opinions about issues of relevance to their societies for the future. These songs all express opinions about relevance to their societies, ultimately in an attempt to enforce a positive change to the world. In 2007 Pink released the song Dear Mr.President. The song is a direct criticism of President George W. Bush and the policies of his administration. Pink call ines the major concerns of most Americans. The most unmingled of these concerns are homosexual rights/ marriage, homelessness, womens rights, war/US roles, poverty and the justice system. The song begins with Come condense a walk with me. Lets pretend were just two people and youre not better than me. By stating this as an invitation Pink is directly asking the President to listen to her opinions utilising exigent verbs and a gentle tone.Pink is stating that she will be truthful and not sugar coat her opinions. She will describe him the truth about what everyone is thinking but no one is willing to tell him directly. metaphor is employ to portray the ideas Pink has. The co mplete second and third stanzas are rhetorical questions addressing the issues the President has caused. The rhetorical questions are apply affective language to appeal to the listeners heart. The rhetorical questions are also using direct address to the President to show perspective of the issues and showing them so they relate to him.At the end of the third stanza when Pink asks How do you walk with your head held high? Can you even look me in the eye and tell me why? she uses negative connotations to show the pride or lack of pride he holds. The complete fifth stanza is using individualized address by using examples of his own family and putting them in the places of the people affected by his choices, and rhetorical questions. What kind of sire would take his own daughters rights away? And what kind of father might hate is own daughter if she were gay? The rhetorical questions are addressing Bushs personal life and relationship with his daughter by putting a negative aspect onto it by apothegm he would hate her if she were gay. The effect of this is to show how unfair the President is being to people and how he should change his ways. This song makes serious comment on the issues of the Presidents actions and decisions. Sunday bloody Sunday focuses on the ongoing issues of conflict between protestants and the Catholics in northern island, which culminated in the loss of lives on a day known as bloody Sunday.The composer highlights the futility of the ongoing troubles and makes a call for change. A metaphor is utilised in the rhetorical question how ling must we sing this song? to draw attention to the long plosive speech sound of time these troubles have been occurring. Direct address is employed in we can be as one tonight in order to persuade people to put an end to the violence. Alliteration paired with remindful imagery reinforces the emotive blow of the message. broken bottles under childrens feet/ bodies strewn across the dead end street. T his is promote demonstrated through a metaphor the trench is dug within our hearts, conveying the impact this is having on peoples emotions. The word choice trench links the audiences minds to war. The composer sends a powerful message by using a biblical allusion the real battle has just begun/ to telephone call the victory Jesus won. Calling on Christians to unite with a common purpose rather than follow up on in fighting. The issue of religious conflict is clearly an important one that holds relevance for contemporary society. In 2011 Demi Lovado released the song Skyscraper.Skyscraper focuses on the ongoing issue of bullying, self hate, and body image. The composer highlights the futility of the ongoing troubles and makes a call for change. The song begins with Skies are crying, I am watching catching teardrops in my hands. Only silence has its ending want we never had a chance. Do you have to make me feel like theres nought left of me? The tone of this is a soft, sad/ lo nely whisper to show how vulnerable the composer is feeling, but easily leads up to a louder stronger tone. Personification is employed which gives the effect of showing how she eels by using a grand mass of to show the emotion the composer is feeling. A rhetorical question is used to show how she is feeling as though everything has been taken from her, making her feel worthless. In the chorus the metaphor You can take everything I have, you can break everything I am is used to show that things are changing for her but she is get better and stronger to not care as much about the issues. Like Im make of glass, like Im made of paper uses repetition to portray the effect of feeling timid but knowing youre much stronger.This is shown because the substances referred to are paper and glass which are very wakeful and easy to break. In the third stanza emotive language is used. Would it make you feel better to watch me spot I bleed? This is relating to her issues of self harm and how it would make people feel to watch her do it. The emotive language reference is said in an angry tone with high volume. This is to show how fed up of feeling bad about herself she is. This song suggests that bullying and self image issues are clearly an important one that holds relevance for contemporary society.

Internship paper Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Internship paper - Essay ExampleFor this stage, I contract been in communication with the owner, Inka Kardys and a support staff that handles human resources administration (Kardys is also the manager and would be my immediate supervisor throughout my internship). Here, I was asked to provide a lot of personal information as much as I was required to provide my skills and capabilities. There was a lot of focus on the interview and afterwards, it was all formality. I passed and was requested to relocate, then start my training.I started to work at Umbruch in July 1, 2009. I was required to throw in the towel at least 40 hours per week just like any of their ordinary employee. I have to be in the office at 8 in the morning till 5 in the afternoon. I have to work there five days a week.As previously mentioned, I worked for Kardys, the firms manager. And so my responsibilities were mainly to assist her as he does her managerial duties as hygienic as other tasks that she would assign m e to do. From July until August 16 2009, the last day of my internship, I was subjected to a coordinate training which covered those duties that are related to all the operations of various departments in the company.For the first half(a) of week, I underwent orientation and familiarization of the workplace. The orientation focused on the nature of the company and how individual employees could contribute in the firms organizational objectives. It was very thorough and by the end of this stage, I have a fairly comfortable knowledge in regard to the company, their products and services, how they work and the organizations goals and objectives.During this stage, I noticed that the process seem to want to instill in the employee the corporate culture and organizational values which I found to be important in how I dispensed with my duties and responsibilities as an employee. It was all very clear

Pros and cons of intrinsic and extrinsic rewards Essay

Pros and cons of inborn and adscititious rewards - Essay ExampleIn accordance with the issues discussed in the paper one of the benefits of extrinsic and extrinsic motivations is the increased performance. Extrinsic motivations may take the forms of rewards. This contributes a lot towards making the individuals to dedicate more of their efforts, skills and date in completion of certain take. Rewards, both tangible and psychological always lead to increased performances and heights quality outcomes. In classroom setups, both intrinsic and extrinsic motivations may lead to increased disputation since each student may want to be rewarded at the end of it all. This boosts academic outcomes and shapes the students towards excellence. There ar several demerits of both intrinsic and extrinsic motivations. In classroom setups, extrinsic motivations may be viewed and argued as aspects of discriminations against the students. This follows that it always leads to some form of academic ba rriers and stigmatizations. Some students who may not get the rewards as regular(a) may be perceived incompetent by other colleagues. This demeans and belittles those students. In addition, in many cases, the rewards are always given out based on the person who leads but not the one who has shown ugly improvement in an area. In most cases, such always lead to some forms of discriminations. The same may also apply to the workplaces. As such, it is important to note that rewards may be demoralizing at times.